Tropic wet forests in the World

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, also known as tropical wet forests, are a tropical and subtropical forest biome. Image File history File links 800px-tropical_wet_forests. ... Image File history File links 800px-tropical_wet_forests. ... The tropics are the geographic region of the Earth centered on the equator and limited in latitude by the two tropics: the Tropic of Cancer in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. ... Subtropical (or semitropical) areas are those adjacent to the tropics, usually roughly defined as the ranges 23. ... Eucalyptus Forest at Swifts Creek in East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. ... In ecology, a biome is a major regional group of distinctive plant and animal communities best adapted to the regions physical natural environment, latitude, elevation, and terrain. ...

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests are found in a belt around the equator and in the humid subtropics, and are characterized by warm, humid climates with year-round rainfall. Tropical and subtropical forest regions with lower rainfall are home to Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests and Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests. Temperate rain forests also occur in certain humid temperate coastal regions. Trinidad and Tobago dry forest on Chacachacare showing the dry-season deciduous nature of the vegetation The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome, also known as tropical dry forest, is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. ... Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests are a biome located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. ... Temperate rain forest in the Mount Hood Wilderness, Oregon, United States. ...

The biome includes several types of forests:

• Lowland equatorial evergreen rain forests, commonly known as tropical rainforests, are forests which receive high rainfall (more than 2000 mm, or 80 inches, annually) throughout the year. These forests occur in a belt around the equator, with the largest areas in the Amazon basin of South America, the Congo basin of central Africa, Indonesia, and New Guinea.
• Moist deciduous and semi-evergreen forests, receive high overall rainfall with a warm summer wet season and a cooler winter dry season. Some trees in these forests drop some or all of their leaves during the winter dry season. These forests are found in parts of South America, in Central America and around the Caribbean, in coastal West Africa, parts of the Indian subcontinent, and across much of Indochina.
• Montane rain forests, some of which are known as cloud forests, are found in cooler-climate mountainous areas.
• Flooded forests, including freshwater swamp forests and peat swamp forests.

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests are common in several terrestrial ecozones, including parts of the Afrotropic (equatorial Africa), Indomalaya (parts of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia), the Neotropic (northern South America and Central America), Australasia (eastern Indonesia, New Guinea, northern and eastern Australia), and Oceania (the tropical islands of the Pacific Ocean). About half of the world's tropical rainforests are in the South American countries of Brazil and Peru. Rain forests now cover less than 6% of Earth's land surface. Scientists estimate that more than half of all the world's plant and animal species live in tropical rain forests. Amazon River basin The Amazon Basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries. ... Image of Kinshasa and Brazzaville, taken by NASA; the Congo River is visible in the center of the photograph Length 4,380 km Elevation of the source m Average discharge 41,800 m³/s Area watershed 3,680,000 km² Origin Mouth Atlantic Ocean Basin countries Dem. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa. ... Map of Central America Central America is the central geographic region of the Americas. ... West Indian redirects here. ...  Western Africa (UN subregion)  Maghreb[1] West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of the African continent. ... Satellite image of the Indian subcontinent Map of South Asia (see note) This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia. ... Indochina, or the Indochinese Peninsula, is a region in Southeast Asia. ... Tree ferns in cloud forest on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo At the edge of the Panamanian side of the Parque Internacional la Amistad Temperate cloud forest on La Palma, Canary Islands The cloud forest of Monteverde, Costa Rica Cloud forest on Mount Lushan in southeastern China One of the hanging bridges... Freshwater swamp forests or flooded forests are forests which are inundated with freshwater, either permanently or seasonally. ... Peat swamp forests are areas of land where the peat, created by the leave compost has become a boggy marsh and the forests are resposible for this. ... Ecozones are global divisions which have their own characteristic interplay of climatic factors, morphodynamics, soil-forming processes, living conditions for plants and animals, and production potentials for agriculture and forestry. ... The Afrotropic Ecozone is Africa south of the Sahara Desert. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa. ... The Indomalaya Ecozone was previously called the Oriental region. ... Satellite image of the Indian subcontinent Map of South Asia (see note) This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... The Neotropic ecozone is a terrestrial ecoregion which includes South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Map of Central America Central America is the central geographic region of the Americas. ... The Australasia Ecozone The Australasian ecozone – is an ecological region that is coincident, but not synonymous (by some definitions), with the geographic region of Australasia. ... Oceania is the smallest of the worlds terrestrial ecozones, and unique in not including any continental land mass. ...

Characteristics

Rainforests are characterized by high rainfall, with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between 2,000 mm (about 78 inches or 2 meters) and 1700 mm (about 67 inches). The soil can be poor because high rainfall tends to leach out soluble nutrients. This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

Rain forests are home to two-thirds of all the living animal and plant species on the planet. It has been estimated that many hundreds of millions of new species of plants, insects, and microorganisms are still undiscovered and as yet unnamed by science. Tropical rain forests are called the "jewel of the earth", and the "world's largest pharmacy" because of the large amount of natural medicines discovered there. Tropical rain forests are also often called the "Earth's lungs", however there is no scientific basis for such a claim as tropical rainforests are known to be essentially oxygen neutral, with little or no net oxygen production. Amazon rain forests provide earth with about 40% of its total oxygen supply.^[1] Orders See taxonomy Insects (Class Insecta) are a major group of arthropods and the most diverse group of animals on the Earth, with over a million described species — more than all other animal groups combined [1]. Insects may be found in nearly all environments on the planet, although only a... A microorganism or microbe is an organism that is so small that it is microscopic (invisible to the naked eye). ... For other uses, see Pharmacy (disambiguation). ...

Despite the growth of flora in a rainforest, the actual quality of the soil is usually quite poor. Oxisols, infertile, and deeply weathered, have developed on the ancient Gondwanan shields. Rapid bacterial decay prevents the accumulation of humus. The concentration of iron and aluminium oxides by the laterization process gives the oxisols a bright red color and sometimes produces minable deposits (e.g. bauxite). On younger substrates, especially of volcanic origin, tropical soils may be quite fertile, as are the soils of many seasonally flooded forests, which are annually replenished with fertile silt. Oxisols are an order in USA soil taxonomy, best known for their occurrence in tropical rain forest, 15-25 degrees north and south of the Equator. ... Pangaea was formed by the merging of two continents, Laurasia and Gondwana East African and Kuungan Orogens 550 Ma reconstruction showing final stages of assembly The southern supercontinent Gondwana (originally Gondwanaland) included most of the landmasses which make up todays continents of the southern hemisphere, including Antarctica, South America... Shields are shown in orange. ... Humus is a word actually used for two different things, which are both related to soil and thus get used interchangeably. ... General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 4, d Appearance lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge Atomic mass 55. ... General Name, Symbol, Number aluminium, Al, 13 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13, 3, p Appearance silvery Atomic mass 26. ... Bauxite with penny Bauxite with core of unweathered rock Bauxite is an aluminium ore which consists largely of the Al minerals gibbsite Al(OH)3, boehmite and diaspore AlOOH, together with the iron oxides goethite and hematite, the clay mineral kaolinite and small amounts of anatase TiO2. ...

Tall, broad-leaved evergreen trees are the dominant plants, forming a leafy canopy over the forest floor. Taller trees, called emergents, may rise above the canopy. The upper portion of the canopy often supports a rich flora of epiphytes, including orchids, bromeliads, mosses, and lichens, who live attached to the branches of trees. The undergrowth or understory in a rainforest is often restricted by the lack of sunlight at ground level, and generally consists of shade-tolerant shrubs, herbs, ferns, small trees, and large woody vines which climb into the trees to capture sunlight. The relatively sparse understory vegetation makes it possible for people and other animals to walk through the forest. In deciduous and semi-deciduous forests, or forests where the canopy is disturbed for some reason, the ground beneath is soon colonised by a dense tangled growth of vines, shrubs and small trees called jungle. Near Orosí, Costa Rica Epiphytes on a tree near Santa Elena in Costa Rica An example of an epiphyte assemblage of orchids and bromeliads in a garden setting in Hawaii An epiphyte is any plant that grows upon or attached to another living plant. ... Orchid re-directs here; for alternate uses see Orchid (disambiguation) Genera Over 800 See List of Orchidaceae genera. ... Genera See text Bromeliads include epiphytes, such as Spanish moss, and ground plants, such as the Pineapple. ... A curling tendril A vine is any plant of genus Vitis (the grape plants) or, by extension, any similar climbing or trailing plant. ... hiii, This article is on plants. ...

Temperature ranges from 27 degrees C to 30 degrees C

Trees

Rainforest on Fatu-Hiva, Marquesas Islands

There are several common characteristics of tropical rainforest trees. Tropical rainforest species frequently possess one or more of the following attributes not commonly seen in trees of higher latitudes or trees in drier conditions on the same latitude. Download high resolution version (1020x812, 660 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1020x812, 660 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... National motto: Mau‘u‘u ha‘e iti Official languages French, Tahitian Political status Dependent territory, administrative division of French Polynesia Capital Tai o Hae Largest City Tai o Hae Area 1,274 km² ( 492 sq. ...

Many tree species have broad, woody flanges (buttresses) at the base of the trunk. Originally believed to help support the tree, now it is believed that the buttresses channel stem flow and its dissolved nutrients to the roots.

Large leaves are common among trees and shrubs of the understory and forest floor layers. Young individuals of trees destined for the canopy and emergent layers may also have large leaves. When they reach the canopy new leaves will be smaller. The large leaf surface helps intercept light in the sun-dappled lower strata of the forest and are made possible because the lower layers are largely protected from winds which damage large leaves in the canopy. Canopy leaves are usually smaller than found in understory plants or are divided to reduce wind damage. The leaves of rainforest understorey trees also often have drip tips which facilitate drainage of precipitation off the leaf to promote transpiration and inhibit the growth of microbes and bryphytes which would damage or smother the leaf .

Trees are often well connected in the canopy layer especially by the growth of woody climbers known as lianas or by plants with epiphytic adaptations, allowing them to grow on top of existing trees in the competition for sunlight. A liana is woody climber. ...

Other characteristics that are more frequent in tropical rainforest tree species than in temperate forests or drier tropical regions include:

• Exceptionally thin bark, often only 1-2 mm thick. It is usually very smooth, although sometimes covered with spines or thorns.
• Cauliflory, the development of flowers (and hence fruits) directly from the trunk, rather than at the tips of branches.
• Large fleshy fruits attract birds, mammals, and even fish as dispersal agents.

For other meanings of bird, see bird (disambiguation). ... Orders Subclass Monotremata Monotremata Subclass Marsupialia Didelphimorphia Paucituberculata Microbiotheria Dasyuromorphia Peramelemorphia Notoryctemorphia Diprotodontia Subclass Placentalia Xenarthra Dermoptera Desmostylia Scandentia Primates Rodentia Lagomorpha Insectivora Chiroptera Pholidota Carnivora Perissodactyla Artiodactyla Cetacea Afrosoricida Macroscelidea Tubulidentata Hyracoidea Proboscidea Sirenia The mammals are the class of vertebrate animals primarily characterized by the presence of mammary... A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are typically cold-blooded; covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ...

Rainforest layers

The rainforest is divided into four different parts, each with different plants and animals, adapted for life in that particular area.

Emergent layer

This layer contains the emergents—trees which tower above the canopy. The trees are usually evergreens, which are able to withstand the harsh temperatures and high winds. Eagles, butterflies, monkeys, and bats inhabit this layer.

Canopy layer

Away from river banks, swamps and clearings where dense undergrowth is found, the forest floor is relatively clear of vegetation, as little sunlight penetrates to ground level. The densest areas of biodiversity are found in the forest canopy, a more or less continuous cover of foliage formed by adjacent treetops.

The canopy, by some estimates, is home to 40% of all plant species, suggesting that perhaps half of all life on Earth could be found there. A quarter of all insect species are believed to exist in the rainforest canopy.

Scientists have long suspected the richness of the canopy as a habitat, but have only recently developed practical methods of exploring it. As long ago as 1917, U.S. naturalist William Beebe declared that "another continent of life remains to be discovered, not upon the Earth, but one to two hundred feet above it, extending over thousands of square miles". Year 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Table of natural history, 1728 Cyclopaedia Natural history is an umbrella term for what are now usually viewed as several distinct scientific disciplines. ... Charles William (Will) Beebe (July 29, 1877 – June 4, 1962) was an American naturalist, explorer, and author. ...

True exploration of this habitat only began in the 1980s, when scientists developed methods to reach the canopy, such as firing ropes into the trees using crossbows. Exploration of the canopy is still in its infancy, but other methods include the use of balloons and airships to float above the highest branches and the building of cranes and walkways planted on the forest floor. A crossbow is a weapon consisting of a bow mounted on a stock that shoots projectiles. ... A balloon is a type of lighter than air aircraft that remains aloft due to its buoyancy. ... USS Akron (ZRS-4) in flight, November 2, 1931 An airship or dirigible is a buoyant aircraft that can be steered and propelled through the air. ...

The leaves on the canopy level have bent tips to allow rain water to drip down into the understory and ground.

Understory layer

There is a space between the canopy and the forest floor, which is known as the understorey (or understory). This is home to a number of birds, monkeys, snakes, and lizards. The leaves are much larger at this level. Insect life is also abundant. Aves redirects here. ... For other uses, see Monkey (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Snake (disambiguation). ... Families Many, see text. ...

Forest floor

This region receives only 2% of the rainforest's sunlight. Thus, only specially adapted plants can grow in this region. It also contains decomposing plant and animal matter, which disappears quickly due to the high humidity and temperature found in this region.

Human uses

Habitation

Most tropical rainforests have historically not supported dense human populations. Food resources within the forest are extremely dispersed due to the high biological diversity and what food does exist is largely restricted to the canopy and requires considerable energy to obtain. Rainforest soils are often thin and leached of many minerals, and the heavy rainfall can quickly leach nutrients from rainforest plots cleared for cultivation. Nonetheless humans have and do exploit rainforests for food and shelter in several parts of the world. Many agriculturalists, particularly within the Amazon and New Guinean rainforests, obtain their food primarily from farm plots cleared from the forest and hunt and forage within the forest to suplement this. Other peoples described as rainforest dwellers are hunter-gatherers who subsist in large part by trading high value forest products such as hides feathers and honey with agricultural people living outside the forest. Other groups of hunter-gatherers have exploited rainforest on a seasonal basis but dwell primarily in adjacent savanna and open forest environments where food is much more abundant. ^[2] Humans make their shelter from large leaves and branches and depend on the trees themselves to function.

In some rainforest cultures, such as the Tukano, a sophisticated system exists for the management of resources, and for avoiding the easy depletion of these resources. This system is conceptualized in a mythological context, involving symbolism and, in some cases, the belief that the breach of hunting restrictions may cause illness. As the expert of tribal symbolism, the shaman may have a leading role in this ecological management, actively restricting hunting and fishing. Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff's fieldworks use systems theory concepts and ecological considerations to understand the shaman's lore. Tukano Indians have developed concepts of “energy” flowing between people and animals in cyclic paths. The author relates these concepts to the changes how modern science (systems theory, ecology, some new approaches in anthropology and archeology) treats causality in a less linear way ^[3]. He suggests also a cooperation of modern science and indigenous lore (online ^[4]). Tucano (also Tukana, Tucana, Tukano, Dasea, Jurutí, Jurití, Yurutí, Tariana, Tariano, Koneá, Koreá, Patsoka, Wahyara; autonym: Dahseyé) is a Tucanoan language spoken in Amazonas, Brazil and Colombia. ... Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff (1912-1994) was an anthropologist who spent almost thirty years of his life living with and studying the Tokanoan tribes of the North-West Amazon (in and around Colombia), particularly the Tukano Proper and the Desana. ... Systems theory is a transdisciplinary/multiperspectual scientific domain that studies structure and properties of systems in terms of relationships from which new properties of wholes emerge. ... Tucano (also Tukana, Tucana, Tukano, Dasea, Jurutí, Jurití, Yurutí, Tariana, Tariano, Koneá, Koreá, Patsoka, Wahyara; autonym: Dahseyé) is a Tucanoan language spoken in Amazonas, Brazil and Colombia. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ...

Cultivated foods and spices

Coffee, chocolate, bananas, mangoes, papayas, avocados and sugar cane all originally came from tropical rainforests, and are still mostly grown on plantations in regions that were formerly primary forest. In the mid-80s and 90s, 40 million tons of bananas were consumed worldwide each year, along with 13 million tons of mangoes. Central American coffee exports were worth US$3 billion in 1970. Much of the genetic variation used in evading the damage caused by new pests is still derived from resistant wild stock. Tropical forests have supplied 250 cultivated kinds of [fruit], compared to only 20 for temperate forests. Forests in New Guinea alone contain 251 tree species with edible fruits, of which only 43 had been established as cultivated crops by 1985.^[5] A cup of coffee Coffee is a widely consumed beverage prepared from the roasted seeds—commonly referred to as beans—of the coffee plant. ... CHOCOLATE IS VERY NICE! Chocolate most commonly comes in dark, milk, and white varieties, with cocoa solids contributing to the brown coloration. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Species About 35 species, including: Mangifera altissima Mangifera applanata Mangifera caesia Mangifera camptosperma Mangifera casturi Mangifera decandra Mangifera foetida Mangifera gedebe Mangifera griffithii Mangifera indica Mangifera kemanga Mangifera laurina Mangifera longipes Mangifera macrocarpa Mangifera mekongensis Mangifera odorata Mangifera pajang Mangifera pentandra Mangifera persiciformis Mangifera quadrifida Mangifera siamensis Mangifera similis Mangifera... Binomial name Carica papaya L. The papaya, also known as mamão, tree melon, fruta bomba, lechosa (Venezuela, Puerto Rico, the Philippines and the Dominican Republic), or pawpaw is the fruit of the tree Carica papaya, in the genus Carica. ... Binomial name Persea americana Mill. ... Species Ref: ITIS 42058 as of 2004-05-05 Sugarcane is one of six species of a tall tropical southeast Asian grass (Family Poaceae) having stout fibrous jointed stalks whose sap at one time was the primary source of sugar. ...

Tropical rain forests are called the 'world's largest "pharmacy"' because of the large amount of natural "medicines" discovered there. Nearly half of the "medicines" that we use were discovered in rainforests. For example, rainforests contain the "basic ingredients of birth control hormones, cocaine, stimulants, and tranquilizing drugs" (Banks 36). Curare (a paralyzing drug) and quinine (a malaria cure) are also found there. Scientists believe that the cures for many more diseases will be discovered there in the future. Currently, 121 prescription drugs currently sold worldwide come from plant-derived sources. And while 25% of Western pharmaceuticals are derived from rainforest ingredients, less than 1% of these tropical trees and plants have been tested by scientists. Oral contraceptives are contraceptives which are taken orally and inhibit the bodys fertility by chemical means. ... Cocaine (or crack in its impure freebase form) is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. ... Stimulants are drugs that increase alertness and wakefulness. ... A sedative is a drug that depresses the central nervous system (CNS), which causes calmness, relaxation, reduction of anxiety, sleepiness, slowed breathing, slurred speech, staggering gait, poor judgment, and slow, uncertain reflexes. ... Strychnos toxifera by Koehler 1887 This page is about the plant. ... Quinine is a natural white crystalline alkaloid having antipyretic, anti-malarial with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties and a bitter taste. ... Malaria is a vector-borne infectious disease that is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. ...

Tourism

Currently one the largest economic values of tropical rainforests comes in the form of tourism. People travel both nationally and internationally to experience rainforests firsthand. The economic benefits of tourism are the most promising way in which rainforests may be preserved.

Animal products

Rainforests provide numerous animal products including honey, game meat and associated trophies such as hides and ivory.

Ecosystem services

In addition to extractive human uses rainforests also have non-extractive uses that are frequently summarised as ecosystem services. Rainforests play an important role in maintaining biological diversity, modulating precipitation infiltration and flooding, increasing scientific knowledge and in the spiritual wellbeing of humans. Such ecosystem services are of use to humans without the need for any modification or management of the forest itself. Ecosystem services are processes by which the natural environment produces resources useful to people. ...

Threats

The most severe threat to the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests is human intervention. Clearing and degradation of tropical moist forests for timber, grazing land and agriculture, continues to lead towards severe soil erosion of already nutrient-poor soils. The rapid rate of clearing is destroying the homes and biodiversity in one of the most prolific animal and plant biomes on earth. Due to all of this, tropical rainforests now only cover 6% of the earth’s surface.

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests ecoregions

The Afrotropic Ecozone is Africa south of the Sahara Desert. ... The Albertine Rift montane forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of central Africa. ... The Cameroonian Highlands forests are a montane tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of Cameroon and Nigeria. ... The Cross-Niger transition forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of Nigeria. ... The Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of west-central Africa. ... The Eastern Guinean forests are lowland forests in West Africa, from the Atlantic coast to a few hundred kilometers inland. ... The Knysna-Amatole montane forests is a subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of South Africa. ... The Kwazulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic is a subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of South Africa. ... The Madagascar lowland forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion, found on the eastern coast of the island of Madagascar. ... The Madagascar subhumid forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion which covers most of the central highlands of the island of Madagascar. ... The Maputaland coastal forest mosaic is a subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of South Africa. ... The Mascarene Islands (or Mascarenhas Archipelago) is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar, which includes Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues, and Cargados Carajos shoals. ... The São Tomé and Príncipe moist lowland forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion that covers the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe, which form the island nation of São Tomé and Príncipe, as well as the island of Annobón, which is... The Western Congolian swamp forests are an ecoregion which contain one of the largest continuous areas of swamp forests in the world. ... The Western Guinean lowland forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of West Africa. ... The Australasia Ecozone The Australasian ecozone – is an ecological region that is coincident, but not synonymous (by some definitions), with the geographic region of Australasia. ... The Admiralty Islands are a group of 18 islands in the Bismarck Archipelago. ... Buru Island (Operational Navigation Chart, 1967) Not for navigational use Buru is an island in the Maluku (Indonesian province) province of Indonesia. ... Halmahera (also Jilolo or Gilolo) is the largest island in the Maluku Islands. ... Lord Howe Island is a small island in the Pacific Ocean 600 km (375 miles) east of Australia. ... Moving westward from eastern end of the chain are the islands of Rossel and Tagula. ... The New Caledonia rain forests are a terrestrial ecoregion, located in New Caledonia in the South Pacific. ... The Queensland tropical rain forests are a terrestrial ecoregion located in northeastern Australia. ... Seram (formerly Ceram, also called Seran or Serang) is an island in the Maluku province of Indonesia. ... The Solomon Islands rain forests are a terrestrial ecoregion which includes most of the Solomon Islands (except the Santa Cruz Islands) and the islands of Bougainville and Buka, which are part of Papua New Guinea. ... The Trobriand Islands are a 170 mi² archipelago of coral atolls off the eastern coast of New Guinea. ... The Vanuatu rain forests are a terrestrial ecoregion that includes the islands of Vanuatu, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands group of the neighboring Solomon Islands. ... The Indomalaya Ecozone was previously called the Oriental region. ... This article or section may be confusing for some readers, and should be edited to be clearer or more simplified. ... Satellite image of the island of Borneo on August 19, 2002, showing smoke from burning peat swamp forests The Borneo peat swamp forests is a tropical moist forest ecoregion on the island of Borneo, which is divided between Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia. ... tropical rainforests in india ... Origin of the Chao Phraya River in Nakhon Sawan A view of the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok The Chao Phraya (Thai: ) is a major river in Thailand, with its low alluvial river plain marking the mainland of the country. ... The Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests is a tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion in western Myanmar. ... The Eastern Highlands moist deciduous forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of east-central India. ... The Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests is a subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of India, Nepal, and Bhutan. ... The Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of Bangladesh and eastern India. ... The Malabar Coast moist forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of southwestern India. ... The Meghalaya subtropical forests is a montane subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of eastern India. ... The Mentawai Islands are a chain of islands off the west coast of Sumatra in Indonesia. ... The Ryukyu Islands (琉球列島 Ryūkyū-rettō), also known as the Nansei-shoto (南西諸島 Nansei-shotō, which translates literally as the Southwest Islands), are an island chain stretching southwestward from the island of Kyushu in Japan. ... Map of Nicobar Islands The Nicobar Islands are an island chain in the eastern Indian Ocean, and are part of India. ... The North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of southwestern India. ... The North Western Ghats montane rain forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of southwestern India. ... The Annamite Range is a mountain range of western Indochina, which extends approximately 1100 km (700 miles) through Laos and Vietnam. ... The Orissa semi-evergreen forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of eastern India. ... The Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests are home to many endangered species, including tigers, Malaysian tapirs, Clouded Leopards, asian elephants, and the Sumatran Rhinoceros. ... The South China Sea Islands (or Nanhai Islands, simplified: 南海诸岛, traditional: 南海諸島, pinyin: NánhÇŽi ZhÅ«dÇŽo) is an archipelago of over 250 around 1-km² islands, atolls, cays, shoals, reefs, and sandbars in the South China Sea, most of which have no indigenous people. ... The South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of southern India. ... The South Western Ghats montane rain forests are an ecoregion of southern India, covering the southern portion of the Western Ghats range in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, at elevations over 1000 meters. ... Tropical heath forest, also known as Kerangas forest, is a type of forest found on the island of Borneo, especially in Brunei, as well as on the islands of Belitung and Bangka, which lie to the west of Borneo. ... The Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of India and Bangladesh. ... The Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests is an ecoregion that covers most of the island of Taiwan, with the exception of the southern tip of the island, which constitutes the South Taiwan monsoon rain forests ecoregion. ... The Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of northern India. ... The Neotropic ecozone is a terrestrial ecoregion which includes South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. ... The Araucaria moist forests are a subtropical moist forest ecoregion of southern Brazil and northeastern Argentina. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Bahia interior forests is an ecoregion of eastern Brazil. ... The Caatinga enclaves moist forests are a tropical moist forest ecoregion of northeastern brazil, which forms a series of discontinuous, island-like enclaves in the dry Caatingas xeric shrubland and thorn forests and Cerrado savannas. ... Official language English Political status State in the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis Premier Joseph Parry Deputy Governor-General[1] Eustace John President, Nevis Island Assembly Marjorie Morton Capital Charlestown, Nevis Area  - Total (Not ranked) 35. ... Saint Kitts (also/previously known as Saint Christopher) is an island in the Caribbean. ... The Maranhão Babaçu forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of north-central Brazil. ... The Northeastern Brazil restingas are a an ecoregion of northeastern Brazil. ... The Pantanos de Centla is a tropical moist forest ecoregion in southern Mexico, which includes seasonally flooded forests and wetlands. ... The Paraná-Paraíba interior forests, also known as the Alta Paraná Atlantic forests, is a tropical moist forest ecoregion of southern Brazil, northeastern Argentina, and eastern Paraguay. ... The Pernambuco coastal forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of northeastern Brazil, part of the larger Atlantic Forest region. ... The Petén-Veracruz moist forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of Belize, Guatemala, and Mexico. ... NT0160 (in blue) stretching along eastern Brazilian coast. ... The Sierra d