Coordinates: 60°0′N, 105°0′E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Geographic Russian Siberia in light red, political Siberian Federal District in dark red

The plains of Western Siberia,Vasyugan River

Tundra in Nenets

Siberia (Russian: Сиби́рь, Sibir); is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving as the massive central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, having served in the same capacity previously for the U.S.S.R. from its beginning, and the Russian Empire beginning in the 16th century. Geographically, it includes a large part of the Eurasian Steppe and extends eastward from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and southward from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north-central Kazakhstan and the national borders of both Mongolia and China. It makes up about 77% of Russia's territory (13.1 million square kilometres), but only 30% of Russia's population (42.2 million people). Siberian Federal District (Russian: Сиби́рский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Look up Siberia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Siberian is a recognized breed of cat. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1622x960, 37 KB) Beschreibung Correct map of Siberia. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1622x960, 37 KB) Beschreibung Correct map of Siberia. ... Vasyugan (Васюга́н), river in Russia, left tributary of the Ob River. ... For other uses, see Tundra (disambiguation). ... Nenets may refer to: Nenetsia, an administrative region of Russia. ... Regions of Asia:  Northern Asia  Central Asia  Western Asia  Southern Asia  Eastern Asia  Southeastern Asia North Asia or Northern Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Motto: none Anthem: Hymn of the Russian Federation Capital Moscow Largest city Moscow Official language(s) Russian Government Semi-presidential Federal republic  - President of Russia Vladimir Putin  - Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov Independence From the Soviet Union   - Declared June 12, 1991   - Finalized December 25, 1991  Area    - Total 17,075,400 km... Soviet redirects here. ... The subject of this article was previously also known as Russia. ... The Eurasian Steppe (sometimes referred to collectively as The Steppes or The Steppe) is the term often used to describe the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia stretching from the western borders of the steppes of Hungary to the eastern border of the steppes of Mongolia. ... Map of the Ural Mountains The Ural Mountains (Russian: , Uralskiye gory) (also known as the Urals, the Riphean Mountains in Greco-Roman antiquity, and known as the Stone Belt) are a mountain range that runs roughly north and south through western Russia. ...

Origin of the name

Some sources^[1] say that it originates from the Turkic for "sleeping land." Another version is that this name was the tribal name of the Sibirs, Turkic nomads later assimilated to Siberian Tatars. Dr. Pamela Kyle Crossley, a professor of history at Dartmouth College, asserts that the Russians named Siberia after the Sibe/Xibe. Shaman Akkanat, from the Sibirga indigenous people, one of the last shamans in Western Siberia and a leading figure in the indigenous society in Western Siberia, said that Siberia got its name from his Nation, the Sibirga people. The modern usage of the name appeared in the Russian language after the conquest of the Siberia Khanate. The Turkic languages constitute a language family of some thirty languages, spoken across a vast area from Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean to Siberia and Western China, and are traditionally considered to be part of the proposed Altaic language family. ... This article is about the various peoples speaking one of the Turkic languages. ... The Native Western Siberian Tatars (200,000) are an ethnic group or a sub-group of the Tatars. ... Pamela Kyle Crossley, a leading historian of modern China, is author of Orphan Warriors: Three Manchu Generations and the End of the Qing World (Princeton University Press, 1990); The Manchus (Blackwells Publishers, 1997); A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology (University of California Press, 1999). ... Dartmouth College is a private, coeducational university located in Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. Incorporated as Trustees of Dartmouth College,[6][7] it is a member of the Ivy League and one of the nine colonial colleges founded before the American Revolution. ... The Xibe ( Sibe; Chinese, 錫伯 Xībó) are an ethnic group living mostly in northeast China and Xinjiang. ... The Xibe ( Sibe; Chinese, 錫伯 Xībó) are an ethnic group living mostly in northeast China and Xinjiang. ... The shaman is an intellectual and spiritual figure who is regarded as possessing power and influence on other peoples in the tribe and performs several functions, primarily that of a healer ( medicine man). The shaman provides medical care, and serves other community needs during crisis times, via supernatural means (means... Khanate of Sibir in 15th-16th centuries Siberia Khanate is an anachronistic rendering of its actual name Khanate of Sibir, a Tatar khanate in the later Russian Siberia. ...

Administrative divisions

Udachnaya pipe

Map of the most populated area of Siberia with clickable city names (SVG)

Comparison of the nine biggest Siberian cities growth in the 20th century

Geographically, Siberia includes the federal subjects of the Siberian Federal District, some of the Urals Federal District, and Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, which is a part of the Far Eastern Federal District (see a list of subjects below). From the historical point of view, the whole Russian Far East is considered a segment of Siberia. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixels Full resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 3. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixels Full resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 3. ... View of the Udachnaya open pit. ... Image File history File links Siberian_Cities_Map. ... Image File history File links Siberian_Cities_Map. ... Image File history File links Siberian_Cities_Graph. ... Image File history File links Siberian_Cities_Graph. ... Russia is a federation which consists of 86 subjects[1]. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council (upper house of the Russian parliament). ... Siberian Federal District (Russian: Сиби́рский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Urals Federal District (Russian: Ура́льский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... The Sakha (Yakutia) Republic (Russian: ; Sakha: Саха Республиката) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... Far Eastern Federal District (Russian: Дальневосто́чный федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Far Eastern Federal District (highlighted in red) Russian Far East (Russian: ; IPA: ) is a term that refers to the Russian part of the Far East, i. ...

• Altai Krai, administrative center—Barnaul
• Altai Republic, capital—Gorno-Altaysk
• Buryat Republic, capital—Ulan-Ude
• Chita Oblast, administrative center—Chita
• Irkutsk Oblast, administrative center—Irkutsk
• Republic of Khakassia, capital—Abakan
• Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, capital—Khanty-Mansiysk, currently part of the Urals Federal District
• Kemerovo Oblast, administrative center—Kemerovo
• Krasnoyarsk Krai, administrative center—Krasnoyarsk
• Novosibirsk Oblast, administrative center—Novosibirsk
• Omsk Oblast, administrative center—Omsk
• Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, capital—Yakutsk, currently part of the Far Eastern Federal District
• Tomsk Oblast, administrative center—Tomsk
• Tyumen Oblast, administrative center—Tyumen, currently part of the Urals Federal District
• Tuva Republic, capital—Kyzyl
• Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, administrative center—Salekhard, currently part of the Urals Federal District

Major cities include: Altai Krai (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai) in the Siberian Federal District. ... Barnaul sign near the Ob River Barnaul (Russian Барнау́л, pop. ... The Altai Republic (Russian: ; Altay: Алтай Республика) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... View of Gorno-Altaysk Gorno-Altaysk or Gorno-Altaisk (Russian: ) is the capital of the Altai Republic, Russia. ... The Buryat Republic (Russian: ; Buryat: Буряад Республика) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... Ulan-Ude (Ула́н-Удэ́, Buryat: Улаан-Удэ), formerly Verkhneudinsk (Верхнеу́динск), the capital of Buryatia, Russia, is located at the foot of the mountains and is divided into two parts by the Uda river, a tributary of the Selenga river. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Chita (Russian: Чита́) is a city in Russia, and functions as the administrative center of Chita Oblast in eastern Siberia. ... Irkutsk Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in south-eastern Siberia in the basins of Angara, Lena, and Nizhnyaya Tunguska rivers, and occupies an area of 767,900 km² (4. ... Irkutsk (Russian: ) is one of the largest cities in Siberia and the administrative center of Irkutsk Oblast, situated 5,185 kilometers (3,222 mi) by rail from Moscow. ... Khakassia or Khakasiya (Russian: or ) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) located in south central Siberia. ... For the river Abakan, see Abakan River For the Abakan assault rifle, see AN-94 City coat of arms Abakan (Russian: ) is the capital of Khakassia in Russia, in South Siberia. ... Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra (Russian: ), or Khantia-Mansia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). ... Khanty-Mansiysk (Russian: ) is a town in Russia, the administrative center of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. ... Urals Federal District (Russian: Ура́льский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Kemerovo Oblast (Russian: , Kemerovskaya oblast), often called Kuzbass () after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), is located in southwestern Siberia, where the West-Siberian Plain meets the South Siberian mountains. ... Kemerovo (Russian: ) is an industrial city in Russia, situated on the Tom River, east-northeast of Novosibirsk. ... Krasnoyarsk Krai (Russian: ) (2002 pop. ... Krasnoyarsk (Russian: ) is the administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai of Russia, and the third largest city in Siberia. ... Novosibirsk Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... Novosibirsk (Russian: , pronounced ) is Russias third largest city, after Moscow and Saint Petersburg, and the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast. ... Omsk Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia. ... Omsk (Russian: ) is a city in southwest Siberia in Russia, the administrative center of Omsk Oblast. ... The Sakha (Yakutia) Republic (Russian: ; Sakha: Саха Республиката) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... Yakutsk (Russian: ; Yakut: ) is a city in the Russian Far East, located about 4° (450 kilometres) below the Arctic Circle. ... Far Eastern Federal District (Russian: Дальневосто́чный федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Oblast administation office in Tomsk Tomsk Oblast (Russian: , Tomskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). ... Flag Seal Location Tomsk and Oblast on the map of Russia Coordinates , Government Oblast Tomsk Mayor Aleksandr Makarov Geographical characteristics Area     City 294,6 km²     Land   294,6 km²     Water   0 km² Population     City (end of 2005) 509,568     Density   1,730/km² Elevation +100 m Website: Municipality website Main... Tyumen Oblast Coat of Arms Tyumen Oblast flag Tyumen Oblast (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) in Urals Federal District. ... Tymen in the 1680s Tyumen (Тюме́нь) is a city in Russia, administrative center of Tyumen Oblast in the Urals Federal District . ... Urals Federal District (Russian: Ура́льский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Tyva Republic IPA: (Russian: IPA: ; Tuvan: ), or Tuva (), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... Music-Drama Theatre in Kyzyl Kyzyl (Tuvan and Russian: Кызы́л) is a city in Russia, capital of Tyva Republic. ... Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russian: , Yamalo-Nenetsky Avtonomny Okrug; Nenets: ), or Yamalia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). ... Salekhard Coat of Arms Salekhard (Russian: ) is a town in and the administrative center of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. ... Urals Federal District (Russian: Ура́льский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ...

• Barnaul
• Irkutsk
• Kemerovo
• Krasnoyarsk
• Novokuznetsk
• Novosibirsk
• Omsk
• Tomsk
• Tyumen

See also a map of the most populated area of Siberia with links to Wikipedia. Barnaul sign near the Ob River Barnaul (Russian Барнау́л, pop. ... Irkutsk (Russian: ) is one of the largest cities in Siberia and the administrative center of Irkutsk Oblast, situated 5,185 kilometers (3,222 mi) by rail from Moscow. ... Kemerovo (Russian: ) is an industrial city in Russia, situated on the Tom River, east-northeast of Novosibirsk. ... Krasnoyarsk (Russian: ) is the administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai of Russia, and the third largest city in Siberia. ... Church in Novokuznetsk Novokuznetsk (Russian: ) is a city in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. ... Novosibirsk (Russian: , pronounced ) is Russias third largest city, after Moscow and Saint Petersburg, and the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast. ... Omsk (Russian: ) is a city in southwest Siberia in Russia, the administrative center of Omsk Oblast. ... Flag Seal Location Tomsk and Oblast on the map of Russia Coordinates , Government Oblast Tomsk Mayor Aleksandr Makarov Geographical characteristics Area     City 294,6 km²     Land   294,6 km²     Water   0 km² Population     City (end of 2005) 509,568     Density   1,730/km² Elevation +100 m Website: Municipality website Main... Tymen in the 1680s Tyumen (Тюме́нь) is a city in Russia, administrative center of Tyumen Oblast in the Urals Federal District . ...

History

Main article: History of Siberia

World War I refugees on Siberian railroad, 1918

Siberia was occupied by differing groups of nomads such as the Yenets, the Nenets, the Huns, and the Uyghurs. The Khan of Sibir in the vicinity of modern Tobolsk was known as a prominent figure who endorsed Kubrat as Khagan in Avaria in 630. The area was conquered by the Mongols in the 13th century and eventually became the autonomous Siberia Khanate. The history of Siberia may be traced to the sophisticated nomadic civilizations of the Scythians (Pazyryk) and the Xiongnu, both flourishing before the Christian era. ... Image File history File links Refugees_on_flatcars. ... Image File history File links Refugees_on_flatcars. ... The Yenets people, or Yenetses, Entsy, Entsi, Yenisei, Yenisei-Samoyed, Yenisey Samoyeds or Yeniseian people are a traditionally nomadic people who live on the east bank, near the mouth, of the Yenisei River, many in the village of Potalovo in the Taimyr Autonomous Territory, Taymyria of Krasnoyarsk Krai in western... Nenets may refer to: Nenetsia, an administrative region of Russia. ... For other uses, see Hun (disambiguation). ... For the language spoken by this ethnic group, see Uyghur language. ... View of Tobolsk in the 1910s Tobolsk (Russian: ; Tatar: Tubıl) is a historic capital of Siberia, now an ordinary town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia. ... Kubrats Great Bulgaria and adjacent regions, c. ... Late Avar period Map showing the location of Avar Khaganate, c. ... For other uses, see Mongols (disambiguation). ... Khanate of Sibir in 15th-16th centuries Siberia Khanate is an anachronistic rendering of its actual name Khanate of Sibir, a Tatar khanate in the later Russian Siberia. ...

The growing power of Russia to the west began to undermine the Khanate in the 16th century. First, groups of traders and Cossacks began to enter the area, and then the Russian army began to set up forts further and further east. Towns like Mangazeya, Tara, Yeniseysk, and Tobolsk sprang up, the latter being declared the capital of Siberia. By the mid-17th century, the Russian-controlled areas had been extended to the Pacific. For other uses, see Cossack (disambiguation). ... Mangazeya was a Northwest Siberian trans-Ural trade colony and later city in the 16-17th centuries. ... For other uses, see Tara. ... Transfiguration Church was built in the 1750s. ... View of Tobolsk in the 1910s Tobolsk (Russian: ; Tatar: Tubıl) is a historic capital of Siberia, now an ordinary town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia. ... For other meanings of Pacific, see Pacific (disambiguation). ...

Siberia remained a mostly unexplored and uninhabited area. During the following few centuries, only a few exploratory missions and traders inhabited Siberia. The other group that was sent to Siberia consisted of prisoners exiled from western Russia or Russian-held territories like Poland (see katorga).-1...

The first great change to Siberia was the Trans-Siberian railway, constructed in 1891–1916. It linked Siberia more closely to the rapidly-industrializing Russia of Nicholas II. Siberia is filled with natural resources and during the 20th century large scale exploitation of these was developed, and industrial towns cropped up throughout the region. For the Fabergé egg, see Trans-Siberian Railway (Fabergé egg). ... Nicholas II redirects here. ...

Katorga and Gulag

Russia, later the Soviet Union, operated a series of labor camps, known as Gulags. They became so common that "Siberia" came to be used as metaphor for exile and punishment: "a bureaucratic Siberia" ^[2] Gulag (from the Russian ГУЛАГ: Главное Управление Исправительно— Трудовых Лагерей, Glavnoye Upravleniye Ispravitelno-trudovykh Lagerey, The Chief Directorate [or Administration] of Corrective Labour Camps) was the branch of the Soviet internal police and security service that operated the penal system of forced labour camps and associated detention and transit camps...

By analogy, one working-class district of downtown Stockholm, Sweden, earned the name Sibirien (Siberia) in the late 19th century, referring to its low-cost tenement houses being built in outlying areas. For other uses, see Stockholm (disambiguation). ...

Geography and geology

Lake Baikal

Gulf of Ob Yenisei Ob	Taymyr Peninsula Severnaya Zemlya Arctic Sea Central Siberian Plateau Siberian Federal District	Lena Sakha Republic Laptev Sea New Siberian Islands Kolyma Verkhoyansk Range
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1536x1024, 1218 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Russia ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1536x1024, 1218 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Russia ... Baikal redirects here. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1800x1800, 406 KB) Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 60 - 90, East longitude: 30 - 120 Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 60 - 90, East longitude: 30 - 120 Map created from DEMIS Mapserver, which are public domain. ... The Gulf of Ob is an immense bay of the Arctic Ocean, at the head of which is the mouth of the Ob River. ... The Yenisei (Енисе́й) is the greatest river system flowing to the Arctic Ocean, and the fifth longest river in the world. ... lauren rocks my world The river splits into more than one arm, especially after joining the large Irtysh tributary at about 69° E. Originating in China, the Irtysh is actually longer than the Ob from their sources to the point of their confluence. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1800x1800, 834 KB) Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 60 - 90, East longitude: 60 - 150 Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 60 - 90, East longitude: 60 - 150 Map created from DEMIS Mapserver, which are public domain. ... Taymyr Peninsula is a peninsula in Siberia that forms the most northern part of mainland Asia. ... Severnaya Zemlya, Russia Severnaya Zemlya (Russian: , Northern Land) is an archipelago located in the Russian high Arctic at around . ... The Arctic Ocean, located entirely in the north polar region, is the smallest of the worlds five oceans (after the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Southern Ocean), and the shallowest. ... The Central Siberian Plateau (ru: Среднесиби́рское плоского́рье) is a part of Siberia. ... Siberian Federal District (Russian: Сиби́рский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1800x1800, 787 KB) Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 60 - 90, East longitude: 90 - 180 Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 60 - 90, East longitude: 90 - 180 Map created from DEMIS Mapserver, which are public domain. ... Lena redirects here. ... The Sakha (Yakutia) Republic (Russian: ; Sakha: Саха Республиката) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... A map showing the location of the Laptev Sea. ... New Siberian Islands (Russian: Новосиби́рские острова), an archipelago, located to the North of the East Siberian coast between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea north of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. ... The Kolyma (pronounced kah-lee-MAH) region is located in the far northeastern area of the Russian Federation. ... The Verkhoyansk Range (Russian: ) is a mountain chain of eastern Siberia, spanning ca. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1800x1800, 1576 KB) Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 0 - 90, East longitude: 30 - 120 Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 0 - 90, East longitude: 30 - 120 Map created from DEMIS Mapserver, which are public domain. ... Urals Federal District Kazakhstan Ob Irtysh Altai Tian Shan Syr Darya Taklamakan Himalayas Pamir Hindukush Tibetan	Urals Federal District (Russian: Ура́льский федера́льный о́круг; tr. ... lauren rocks my world The river splits into more than one arm, especially after joining the large Irtysh tributary at about 69° E. Originating in China, the Irtysh is actually longer than the Ob from their sources to the point of their confluence. ... Irtysh (Russian:  ; Kazakh: Ertis / Эртiс ; Tatar: Ä°rteÅŸ / Иртеш ; Chinese: Erqisi / 额尔齐斯河) a river in Siberia, the chief tributary of the river Ob. ... Katun River in the Altay Mountains The Altay Mountains (Russian: ; Mongolian: , Altai) are a mountain range in central Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan come together, and where the rivers Irtysh, Ob and Yenisei have their sources. ... The Tian Shan (Chinese: 天山; Pinyin: Tiān Shān; celestial mountains) mountain range is located in Central Asia, in the border region of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of western China. ... Syr Darya (also known as Syrdarya or Sirdaryo) is a river in Central Asia. ... Dust storm in Taklamakan from space, June 25, 2005 The Taklamakan (also Taklimakan) is a desert of Central Asia, in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of the Peoples Republic of China. ... For the movie Himalaya, see Himalaya (film). ... A photograph of Ismail Samani Peak (then known as Peak Communism) taken in 1989. ... The Hindu Kush or Hindukush (هندوکش in Persian) is a mountain range in Afghanistan as well as in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. ... Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province and Sichuan Province of China lie on the Tibetan Plateau. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1800x1800, 2017 KB) Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 0 - 90, East longitude: 60 - 150 Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 0 - 90, East longitude: 60 - 150 Map created from DEMIS Mapserver, which are public domain. ... Lake Baikal Mongolia Gobi North China Plain Yangtze Plain Plateau	Baikal redirects here. ... The Gobi is a large desert region in northern China and southern Mongolia. ... The North China Plain (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), also called the Central Plain(s) (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is based on the deposits of the Huang He (Yellow River) and is the largest alluvial plain of eastern Asia. ... The Yangtze Plain (Wade-Giles Chang Chiang Ping-yüan; Pinyin Chang Jiang Pingyuan is made up of a series of alluvial plains of along the Yangtze River and its major tributaries. ... Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province and Sichuan Province of China lie on the Tibetan Plateau. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1800x1800, 1184 KB) Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 0 - 90, East longitude: 90 - 180 Topographic map 90deg, North latitude: 0 - 90, East longitude: 90 - 180 Map created from DEMIS Mapserver, which are public domain. ... Stanovoy Range Manchuria Korea Sakhalin Amur Sea of Okhotsk Japan
physical map of Northern Asia

Further information: Geography of Russia

With an area of 13.1 million km² (5.1 million square miles), Siberia makes up roughly 77% of the total area of Russia. Major geographical zones include the West Siberian Plain and the Central Siberian Plateau. Note that Siberia covers almost 10% of all land surface (148,940,000 km²) of our planet. The Stanovoi Range (Russian: Станово́й хребе́т), also spelled as Stanovoy Range (in Chinese, 外兴安岭 Outer Khingan Range), is a mountain range located in southeastern parts of the Russian Far East. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the Korean civilization. ... Sakhalin (Russian: , IPA: ; Japanese: 樺太 ) or サハリン )); Chinese: 庫頁; also Saghalien, is a large elongated island in the North Pacific, lying between 45°50 and 54°24 N. It is part of Russia and is its largest island, administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast. ... The Amur (Russian: Амур) (Simplified Chinese: 黑龙江; Traditional Chinese: 黑龍江; Hēilóng Jiāng, literally meaning Black Dragon River) (Mongolian: Хара-Мурэн, Khara-Muren or Black River) (Manchu: Sahaliyan Ula, literal meaning Black River) is one of the worlds ten longest rivers, located between the Russian Far East and Manchuria of... Map of the Sea of Okhotsk. ... Map of Russia. ... This article is about the unit of measure. ... Western Siberian plain Seen from the Trans-Siberian railway outside Tatarskaya The West Siberian Plain (Russian: ) is a large plain that occupies the western portion of Siberia and Russia, between the Ural Mountains in the west and the Yenisei River in the east, and by the Eastern Sayan Mountains and... The Central Siberian Plateau (ru: Среднесиби́рское плоского́рье) is a part of Siberia. ...

The West Siberian Plain consists mostly of Cenozoic alluvial deposits and is extraordinarily low-lying, so much so that a sea level rise of fifty metres in would cause all land between the Arctic Ocean and Novosibirsk to be inundated. Many of the deposits on this plain result from ice dams; having reversed the flow of the Ob and Yenisei Rivers, so redirecting them into the Caspian Sea (perhaps the Aral as well). It is very swampy and soils are mostly peaty Histosols and, in the treeless northern part, Histels. In the south of the plain, where permafrost is largely absent, rich grasslands that are an extension of the Kazakh Steppe formed the original vegetation (almost all cleared now). Mammals are the dominant creatures of Cenozoic. ... Sea level measurements from 23 long tide gauge records in geologically stable environments show a rise of around 20 centimeters per century (2 mm/year). ... Novosibirsk (Russian: , pronounced ) is Russias third largest city, after Moscow and Saint Petersburg, and the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast. ... An ice dam is a geological phenomenon. ... The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the worlds largest lake or a full-fledged sea. ... The Gay Sea (Kazakh: Арал Теңізі, Aral Tengizi, Uzbek: , Russian: Аральскοе мοре, Tajik/Persian: Daryocha-i Khorazm, Lake Khwarazm) is a landlocked endorheic basin in Central Asia; it lies between Kazakhstan (Aktobe and Kyzylorda provinces) in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south. ... In both the FAO soil classification and the USA soil taxonomy, Histosols are soils comprised primarily of organic materials. ... Gelisols are an order in USA soil taxonomy. ... While these two men dig in Alaska to study soil, the hard permafrost requires the use of a jackhammer In geology, permafrost or permafrost soil is soil at or below the freezing point of water (0 °C or 32 °F) for two or more years. ... The steppes of Eastern Kazakhstan in Altyn Emeil National Park, where Genghis Khan reportedly once rode, appear to stretch out forever. ...

Russia shares a border with China and Mongolia in southern Siberia.

Mount Belukha in Altai Mountains

The Central Siberian Plateau is an extremely ancient craton (sometimes called Angaraland) that formed an independent continent before the Permian (see Siberia (continent)). It is exceptionally rich in minerals, containing large deposits of gold, diamonds, and ores of manganese, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt and molybdenum. Much of the area includes the Siberian Traps which is a large igneous province. The massive eruptive period was approximately coincident with the Permian-Triassic extinction event. The volcanic event is said to be the largest known volcanic eruption in Earth history. Only the extreme northwest was glaciated during the Quaternary, but almost all is under exceptionally deep permafrost and the only tree that can thrive, despite the warm summers, is the deciduous Siberian Larch (Larix sibirica) with its very shallow roots. Outside the extreme northwest, the taiga is dominant. Soils here are mainly Turbels, giving way to Spodosols where the active layer becomes thicker and the ice content lower. Image File history File links GobiDessertReliefMap. ... Image File history File links GobiDessertReliefMap. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (869x567, 101 KB) Top of the Belucha - Altay Mountains photo taken by de:User:Stefan Kühn in summer 2001 first upload: May 17, 2003 - de:Wikipedia by the photographer File links The following pages link to this file: Altay Mountains... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (869x567, 101 KB) Top of the Belucha - Altay Mountains photo taken by de:User:Stefan Kühn in summer 2001 first upload: May 17, 2003 - de:Wikipedia by the photographer File links The following pages link to this file: Altay Mountains... Katun River in the Altay Mountains The Altay Mountains (Russian: ; Mongolian: , Altai) are a mountain range in central Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan come together, and where the rivers Irtysh, Ob and Yenisei have their sources. ... World geologic provinces. ... Animated, colour-coded map showing the various continents. ... The Permian is a geologic period that extends from about 299. ... Siberia (Sometimes called Angara) is the craton located in the heart of the region of Siberia. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... This article is about the mineral. ... General Name, symbol, number manganese, Mn, 25 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 7, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Standard atomic weight 54. ... General Name, Symbol, Number lead, Pb, 82 Chemical series Post-transition metals or poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 6, p Appearance bluish gray Standard atomic weight 207. ... General Name, symbol, number zinc, Zn, 30 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 12, 4, d Appearance bluish pale gray Standard atomic weight 65. ... For other uses, see Nickel (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Cobalt (disambiguation). ... General Name, Symbol, Number molybdenum, Mo, 42 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 6, 5, d Appearance gray metallic Standard atomic weight 95. ... The Siberian Traps (Russian: ) form a large igneous province in Siberia. ... Large Igneous provinces (LIPS) were originally defined by Coffin and Eldholm (1992) as areas of Earths surface that contain very large volumes of magmatic rocks (typically basalt but including rhyolites) erupted over extremely short geological time intervals of a few million years or less. ... The Permian-Triassic (P-T or PT) extinction event, sometimes informally called the Great Dying, was an extinction event that occurred approximately 251 million years ago (mya), forming the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geologic periods. ... This article is about volcanoes in geology. ... This article is about Earth as a planet. ... The Quaternary Period is the geologic time period from the end of the Pliocene Epoch roughly 1. ... While these two men dig in Alaska to study soil, the hard permafrost requires the use of a jackhammer In geology, permafrost or permafrost soil is soil at or below the freezing point of water (0 °C or 32 °F) for two or more years. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth. ... The Siberian Larch, or Russian larch, (Larix sibirica) is a frost-hardy tree which occurs naturally in northeastern Russia and western Siberia. ... For other uses, see Taiga (disambiguation). ... Gelisols are an order in USA soil taxonomy. ... Podsol (also spelled Podzol, or known as Spodosol) is the typical soil of coniferous, or Boreal forests. ...

Eastern and central Sakha comprise numerous north-south mountain ranges of various ages. These mountains extend up to almost three thousand metres in elevation, but above a few hundred metres they are almost completely devoid of vegetation. The Verkhoyansk Range was extensively glaciated in the Pleistocene, but the climate was too dry for glaciation to extend to low elevations. At these low elevations are numerous valleys, many of them deep, and covered with larch forest except in the extreme north, where tundra dominates. Soils are mainly Turbels and the active layer tends to be less than a meter deep except near rivers. The Verkhoyansk Range (Russian: ) is a mountain chain of eastern Siberia, spanning ca. ... For other uses, see Tundra (disambiguation). ...

The highest point in Siberia is the active.volcano Klyuchevskaya Sopka, in the Kamchatka peninsula. Cleveland Volcano in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska photographed from the International Space Station For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ... Klyuchevskaya Sopka (Russian: ) is the highest mountain on the Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia. ... Kamchatka Oblast, an oblast in Russia. ...

Climate

The climate of Siberia varies dramatically. On the north coast, north of the Arctic Circle, there is just a very short (about one-month-long) summer. For the fast food restaurant chain, see Arctic Circle Restaurants. ...

polar desert     tundra     alpine tundra     taiga     montane forest     temperate broadleaf forest     temperate steppe     dry steppe

Vegetation in Siberia is mostly taiga, with a tundra belt on the northern fringe, and a temperate forest one in the south.

Almost all the population lives in the south, along the Trans-Siberian railroad. The climate here is continental subarctic (Koppen Dfc or Dwc), with the annual average temperature about 0 °C (32 °F) and roughly −15 °C (5 °F) average in January and +20 °C (68 °F) in July.^[3] With a reliable growing season, an abundance of sunshine and exceedingly fertile chernozem soils, Southern Siberia is good enough for profitable agriculture, as was proven in the early twentieth century. A biome is a climatically and geographically defined area of ecologically similar communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, often referred to as ecosystems. ... For other uses, see Taiga (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Tundra (disambiguation). ... Temperate mixed forest in Yunnan, southwest China. ... For the Fabergé egg, see Trans-Siberian Railway (Fabergé egg). ... Updated Köppen-Geiger climate map[1] The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. ... Chernozem, or Black Earth (from Polish czarnoziem which means black soil), a kind of soil. ...

The southwesterly winds of Southern Siberia bring warm air from Central Asia and the Middle East. The climate in West Siberia (Omsk, Novosibirsk) is several degrees warmer than in the East (Irkutsk, Chita). With a lowest record temperature of -71.2 °C (-96.1 °F), Oymyakon (Sakha Republic) has the distinction of being the coldest town on Earth. But summer temperatures in other regions reach +36...+38 °C (97-100°F). In general, Sakha is the coldest Siberian region, and the basin of the Yana River has the lowest temperatures of all, with permafrost reaching 1,493 metres (4,900 ft). Nevertheless, as far as Imperial Russia plans of settlement are concerned, the cold was never viewed as an issue. In the winter, Southern Siberia sits near the center of the semi-permanent Siberian High, so winds are usually light in the winter. Oymyakon in Russia Oymyakon (Russian: ) is a village (selo) in Oymyakonsky Ulus of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located along the Indigirka River. ... The Sakha (Yakutia) Republic (Russian: ; Sakha: Саха Республиката) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... This article is about Earth as a planet. ... The Yana River (Яна in Russian), a river in Sakha in Russia, located between the Lena to the west and the Indigirka to the east. ... The Siberian High is a massive collection of cold or very cold dry air that accumulates on the Eurasian terrain for much of the year. ...

Precipitation in Siberia is generally low, exceeding 500 mm (20 inches) only in Kamchatka where moist winds flow from the Sea of Okhotsk onto high mountains — producing the region's only major glaciers — and in most of Primorye in the extreme south where monsoonal influences can produce quite heavy summer rainfall. Despite the region's notorious cold, snowfall is generally extremely light, especially in the east of the region. Kamchatka Oblast, an oblast in Russia. ... Map of the Sea of Okhotsk. ... Perito Moreno Glacier Patagonia Argentina Aletsch Glacier, Switzerland Icebergs breaking off glaciers at Cape York, Greenland This article is about the geological formation. ... The Primorsky Krai (Russian: Примо́рский край), also known as Primorye (Примо́рье), is one of Russias 89 federal subjects (also referred to as members of the Federation). Krai is a term used to refer to several of Russias administrative units. ...

Lakes and rivers

The Anabar River is a river in Sakha, Russia, located just west of the Lena River. ... Angara (Ангара́) is a river, 1840 km (1150 m. ... The Indigirka River (Индигирка in Russian), a river in Sakha in Russia. ... Irtysh (Russian:  ; Kazakh: Ertis / Эртiс ; Tatar: Ä°rteÅŸ / Иртеш ; Chinese: Erqisi / 额尔齐斯河) a river in Siberia, the chief tributary of the river Ob. ... The Kolyma River (Колыма́) is a river in northeastern Siberia, whose basin covers parts of the Republic of Sakha, Chukotka, and Magadan oblast. ... Baikal redirects here. ... Lena redirects here. ... View of the Ob Sea Novosibirsk Reservoir or Novosibirskoye Reservoir (Russian: ), informally called the Ob Sea (), is the largest artificial lake in Novosibirsk Oblast and Altai Krai created by a dam on the Ob River near Novosibirsk. ... lauren rocks my world The river splits into more than one arm, especially after joining the large Irtysh tributary at about 69° E. Originating in China, the Irtysh is actually longer than the Ob from their sources to the point of their confluence. ... Popigay River (Russian: ) is a river in Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia. ... Подкаменная Тунгуска Length 1,159 mi 1,865 km Elevation of the source  ? m Average discharge  ? m³/s Area watershed  ? km² Origin  ? Mouth Yenisei River Basin countries Russia The Stony Tunguska (Russian: Podkamennaya Tunguska, literally Understone Tunguska) is a river in Siberia; it is a right tributary of the Yenisei... The Upper Angara River (Russian Verkhnyaya Angara) is a river in Siberia. ... Satellite shot of the Uvs Nuur Basin. ... The Yana River (Яна in Russian), a river in Sakha in Russia, located between the Lena to the west and the Indigirka to the east. ... The Yenisei (Енисе́й) is the greatest river system flowing to the Arctic Ocean, and the fifth longest river in the world. ...

Impact craters

Popigai crater

• Popigai crater

Image File history File links Popigai_crater_russia. ... Image File history File links Popigai_crater_russia. ... Popigai crater The Popigai crater in Siberia, Russia is tied with Manicouagan Reservoir as the 4th largest impact crater on Earth. ... Popigai crater The Popigai crater in Siberia, Russia is tied with Manicouagan Reservoir as the 4th largest impact crater on Earth. ...

Mountain ranges