Part of a series on Islam by country Shortcut: WP:-( Vandalism is indisputable bad-faith addition, deletion, or change to content, made in a deliberate attempt to compromise the integrity of the encyclopedia. ... Shortcut: WP:-( Vandalism is indisputable bad-faith addition, deletion, or change to content, made in a deliberate attempt to compromise the integrity of the encyclopedia. ... Distribution of Islam per country. ...

Islam in Africa

Algeria · Angola · Benin · Botswana · Burkina Faso · Burundi · Cameroon · Cape Verde · Central African Republic · Chad · Comoros · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Republic of the Congo · Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) · Djibouti · Egypt · Equatorial Guinea · Eritrea · Ethiopia · Gabon · The Gambia · Ghana · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · Kenya · Lesotho · Liberia · Libya · Madagascar · Malawi · Mali · Mauritania · Mauritius · Morocco · Mozambique · Namibia · Niger · Nigeria · Rwanda · São Tomé and Príncipe · Senegal · Seychelles · Sierra Leone · Somalia · South Africa · Sudan · Swaziland · Tanzania · Togo · Tunisia · Uganda · Western Sahara (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) · Zambia · Zimbabwe Image File history File links Download high resolution version (650x601, 223 KB) Summary Mecca Image Work of the Govt. ... Approximately 40% of all Africans are Muslims, in contrast to another 40% being Christians and 20% being non-religious or adherents to African religions. ... Grand Mosque in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso Islam in Burkina Faso (Upper Volta) has a long and varied history. ... According to the U.S. State Department International Religious Freedom Report 2006, there is a small Muslim community in Cape Verde. ... Islam accounts for approximately 15% of the population of the Central African Republic, making it the 2nd most followed organized religion in the country after Christianity (50%). The vast majority of Central African Muslims live in the north, near the border with predominantly Muslim Chad. ... Islam in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is not a recent phenomenon, as it has been present within the area since the 18th century, when Arab traders from East Africa pushed into the interior for slave-trading purposes. ... According to the CIA fact book, Muslims make up about 35-40% of the population of Côte dIvoire. ... Adherents. ... The islands of São Tomé and Príncipe, with a total population of about 181,000, has about 5,500 Muslims or 3% of the total population, compared to the estimated 80% of the population professing Roman Catholicism, as per the islands long history as colony of overwhelmingly Catholic... Statistics for Islam in Sierra Leone estimate a Muslim population of 3,610,585, representing around 60 percent of the countrys total population. ... Islam in South Africa probably predates the colonial period, and consisted of isolated contact with Arab and East African traders. ... ...

Islam in Asia

Afghanistan · Armenia · Azerbaijan · Bahrain · Bangladesh · Bhutan · Brunei · Cambodia · China (Hong Kong · Macau) · Taiwan · Cyprus · East Timor · Georgia · India · Indonesia · Iran · Iraq · Israel (See also Palestinian territories) · Japan · Jordan · Kazakhstan · Korea (North Korea · South Korea) · Kuwait · Kyrgyzstan · Laos · Lebanon · Malaysia · Maldives · Mongolia · Myanmar · Nepal · Oman · Pakistan · Philippines · Qatar · Russia · Saudi Arabia · Singapore · Sri Lanka · Syria · Tajikistan · Thailand · Turkey · Turkmenistan · United Arab Emirates · Uzbekistan · Vietnam · Yemen Islam started in Asia with the life of the Prophet Muhammad. ... Facade of the masjid. ... Islam is a minority religion in East Timor. ... Muslims constitute 16 percent of the population of Israel. ... This article is in need of attention. ... This article is in need of attention. ... This article is in need of attention. ...

Islam in Europe

Albania · Andorra · Armenia · Austria · Azerbaijan · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · Finland · France · Georgia · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy · Kazakhstan · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Republic of Macedonia · Malta · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia · San Marino · Scotland · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Turkey · Ukraine · United Kingdom · Vatican City The recorded history of Islam in Europe begins with the al-Andalus territories in what is now Spain and Portugal, established in 711 and enduring until 1492; the last Muslims were expelled from Spain by 1614. ... Islam in the Czech Republic // [edit] History First documented visit of a person with knowledge of Islam was made (964-965) by Íbrahím ibn Jaqúb, a Jewish merchant from then muslim Spain. ... Muslims in Macedonia form nearly one third (between 30 and 33%) of the Former Yugoslav Republic´s total population. ... Islam in Montenegro is the second largest religion after Serbian Orthodoxy. ... Muslims in San Marino are a minority, as over 95 percent of thepopulation is Catholic. ... The arrival of Islam in Scotland is relatively recent. ... Bajrakli Mosque in Belgrade The Muslims in Serbia are ethnically Bosnian and Albanians. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

Islam in North America and Islam in South America

Argentina · Bolivia · Brazil · Chile · Colombia · Ecuador · Guyana · Panama · Paraguay · Peru · Suriname · Trinidad and Tobago · Uruguay · Venezuela Antigua and Barbuda · Bahamas · Barbados · Belize · Canada · Costa Rica · Cuba · Dominica · Dominican Republic · El Salvador · Grenada · Guatemala · Haiti · Honduras · Jamaica · Mexico · Nicaragua · Panama · Saint Kitts and Nevis · Saint Lucia · Saint Vincent and the Grenadines · Trinidad and Tobago · United States Category: ... Muslims constitute 12-17% of the population on Trinidad and Tobago. ... The statistics for Islam in Costa Rica estimate a total Muslim population of 4,016, representing 0. ... Map of the Dominican Republic Statistics for Islam in the Dominican Republic estimate that 0. ... There is a small Islamic community in El Salvador, consisting of Arab immigrants. ... According to the US department of state there are some muslims living in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and islam is a minority religion. ...

Islam in Oceania

Australia Australia · Norfolk Island · Christmas Island · Cocos (Keeling) Islands Islam in Oceania refers to Islam and Muslims in Oceania. ... The cia worldfactbook estimates that 25% of the population of Christmas Island is muslim. ... The cia worldfactbook estimates that 80% of the population of Cocos (Keeling) Islands is muslim. ... Melanesia East Timor · Fiji · New Caledonia · Papua New Guinea · Solomon Islands · Vanuatu Map showing Melanesia. ... Islam is a minority religion in East Timor. ... Islam in New Caledonia arrived more than a 100 years ago. ... Adhernts. ... Micronesia Guam · Kiribati · Marshall Islands · Northern Mariana Islands · Federated States of Micronesia · Nauru · Palau Polynesia American Samoa · Cook Islands · French Polynesia · New Zealand · Niue · Pitcairn · Samoa · Tokelau · Tonga · Tuvalu · Wallis and Futuna Carving from the ridgepole of a Māori house, ca 1840 Polynesia (from Greek: πολύς many, νῆσος island) is a large grouping of over 1,000 islands scattered over the central and southern Pacific Ocean. ... Islam in New Zealand has grown with inward immigration to that country. ... This box: view • talk • edit

The history of Islam in the United States starts in the 18th century, with the first Muslim inhabitants.^[1] Once very small, the Muslim population has increased greatly in the last one hundred years: How much it has increased is unclear; there is much controversy over recent estimates of the Muslim population in the U.S. Much of the growth has been driven by immigration of Muslims from Muslim-majority nations. Many Muslims are first or second-generation immigrants. However, up to one-third of American Muslims are African Americans who have converted to Islam during the last seventy years, first into the Nation of Islam and then into mainstream Sunni Islam. A significant number of American Muslims are in fact convicted inmates who converted to Islam in various state and federal prisons.^[2]. According to the Washington Post, the number of converted inmates is in excess of 250,000. Most of these converted inmates are African Americans.^[3] African Americans, also known as Afro-Americans or black Americans, are an ethnic group in the United States of America whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Sub-Saharan and West Africa. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...

Mosques are usually explicitly Sunni or Shi'a. The mosque is often run by an elected board that hires or fires the imam and decides which national Islamic federation(s) to support. "Backed by money from Saudi Arabia, Wahhabis have built or taken over hundreds of mosques in North America and opened branches of Saudi universities here for the training of imams as part of the effort to spread their beliefs, which are intolerant of Christianity, Judaism and even other strains of Islam." ^{[4][5][6][7][8]} In many areas, a mosque may be dominated by whatever group of immigrants is the largest. Sometimes the Friday sermons, or khutbahs, are given in languages like Urdu or Arabic rather than English. Areas with large Muslim populations may support a number of mosques serving different immigrant groups or varieties of belief within Sunni or Shi'a traditions. The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Khutba is an Islamic sermon delivered after or before Salah. ... (, historically spelled Ordu), is an Middle Eastern-Aryan language. ... Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

At present, many mosques are served by imams imported from overseas, as only these imams have certificates from Muslim seminaries. This sometimes leads to conflict between the congregation and an imam who speaks little English and has little understanding of American culture. Some American Muslims have founded seminaries in the US in an attempt to prevent such problems.

History

Two of the earliest Muslims known for certain to have lived in the U.S. arrived as slaves from West Africa. They were Ayuba Suleiman Diallo, who spent a few years in the US in the mid 18th century before being returned to West Africa, and 'Umar Ibn Said in the mid 19th century. 1734 portrait of Ayuba wearing his traditional African wardrobe Ayuba Suleiman Diallo (1701–1773), also known as Job ben Solomon, was a famous Muslim slave who was a victim of the Atlantic slave trade. ... Omar Ibn Said Omar Ibn Said (ca. ...

In 1888, Alexander Russell Webb was one of the first Anglo-Americans to embrace Islam. Mohammad Webb Mohammed Alexander Russell Webb, Islam in America,and the American Islamic Propagation Movement by Muhammed Abdullah al-Ahari from the introduction of his reprint of Webbs Islam in America available through SoundVision. ...

Small scale migration to the U.S. of Muslims began in 1893. The immigrants included Syrian, Lebanese, Jordanian, and Palestinian Muslims. Year 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

• 1907 Immigrants from Poland, Russia, and Lithuania founded the first Muslim organization in New York City.
• 1915 The first mosque, founded by Albanian Muslims, is established in an older building that was not built to be a mosque.
• 1935 The first building built specifically to be a mosque is established in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

Although the first mosque was established in the U.S. in 1915, relatively few mosques were founded before the 1960s. Eighty-seven percent of mosques in the U.S. were founded within the last three decades according to the Faith Communities Today (FACT) survey. California has more mosques than any other state. Nickname: Location in the State of Iowa Coordinates: , Country United States State Iowa County Linn County Incorporated 1849 Government  - Mayor Kay Halloran Area  - City  64. ... The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ...

See also: Muslims first journey to America

Introduction There are numerous historical written accounts of Muslims from Africa and from Spain travelling to lands across the Atlantic Ocean as part of geographical explorations from as early as 889. ...

Demographics

There is no accurate count of the number of Muslims in the United States, as the U.S. Census Bureau does not collect data on religious identification. There is an on-going debate as to the true size of the Muslim population in the US. Various institutions and organizations have given widely varying estimates about how many Muslims live in the US. The following are a few recent studies:

• 1.1 million (2001) City University of New York - American Religious Identification Survey [0.5% of national adult population] ^[9]
• 1.6 million (2000) Glenmary Research Center [0.5% of national population]^[10]
• 1.9 million (2001) American Jewish Committee [0.6% of national population]^[11]
• 2.0 million (2000) Hartford Institute for Religious Research [0.7% of national population]^[12]
• 4.7 million (2005) Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year [1.5% of national population]^[13]
• 6.7 million (1997) J. Ilyas Ba-Yunus [2.2% of national population]^[14]
• [1% of population] (2002) CIA World Factbook^[15]
• 2.35 million (2007) Pew Research Center. ^[16][17]

The 2007 Pew survey of Muslim Americans finds two-thirds of the Muslim-Americans are foreign-born. Among the foreign-born, most have immigrated since 1990. Of the roughly one-third of Muslim-Americans that are native-born, the majority are converts and African-American.

Population estimates have been controversial, with a number of academic researchers, including Tom Smith, responsible for the University of Chicago study, being explicitly critical of the survey methodologies that have led to high estimates.^[18] Some journalists have alleged that numbers have been inflated for political purposes.^[19] The City University of New York (CUNY; acronym: IPA pronunciation: ), is the public university system of New York City. ... The stated Mission of the American Jewish Committee (AJC) is to safeguard the welfare and security of Jews in the United States, in Israel, and throughout the world; to strengthen the basic principles of pluralism around the world, as the best defense against anti-Semitism and other forms of bigotry... The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general encyclopedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. ... World Factbook 2004 cover The World Factbook is an annual publication by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with basic almanac-style information about the various countries of the world. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

There are only 1,209 mosques in the United States ^[20], meaning that each mosque, if there are actually five million Muslims in the U.S., would serve nearly 4,200 Muslims.^[21]. However, many mosques are storefronts^[22], and the nation's largest mosque, Dar al-Hijrah near Washington D.C., has only about 3,000 weekly attendees.^[23] This February 2007 does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United...

The Council on American-Islamic Relations states that, in their opinion, no scientific count of Muslims in the U.S. has been done, but that six to seven million is the figure that they provide. They do not provide the reasoning or analysis behind the figure^[24] See the CAIR article for a more detailed account of one particular controversy, over the six million estimate by that organization. Another example of a controversial estimate is the one from William B. Milam, the former U.S. Ambassador to Pakistan, where he claims that "the Muslim community in the U.S. numbers some 7 million and is thriving". No scientific study backed up the claim and he estimated six million merely one year before.^[25] Milam admits in the speech that "I am not a scholar, and I do not wish to engage in debate with scholars on the nature of Islam."^[26] The Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) is a controversial Islamic advocacy group in North America, funded by American Muslims and also in significant part by sources with connections to Arab Middle Eastern governments. ... The Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) is a controversial Islamic advocacy group in North America, funded by American Muslims and also in significant part by sources with connections to Arab Middle Eastern governments. ... William B. Milam is an American diplomat. ... This is a list of ambassadors from the United States. ...

Some Muslim groups, however, say that the recent independent studies and surveys have undercounted the Muslim population. Undercounts are due, they say, to Islamophobia, Muslim fear of revealing their faith in a survey, and the fact that many Muslims identify themselves as Muslims but do not attend mosques. ^[27] Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · The Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Pedophobia · Ephebiphobia Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Ku Klux Klan Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights LGBT rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Feminism Mens...

According to a CAIR survey, regular Sunni^[28] mosque attendees come from the following backgrounds: South Asian (33%), African-American (30%), Arab (25%), African (3.4%), European (2.1%), White American (1.6%), Southeast Asian (1.3%), Caribbean (1.2%), Turkish (1.1%), Iranian (0.7%), and Hispanic/Latino (0.6%).^[29] Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... Map of South Asia South Asia is a subregion of Asia comprising the modern states of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, . It covers about 4,480,000 km², or 10 percent of the continent, and is also known as the Indian subcontinent. ... Languages Predominantly American English Religions Protestantism (chiefly Baptist and Methodist); Roman Catholicism; Islam Related ethnic groups Sub-Saharan Africans and other African groups, some with Native American groups. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predomiantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Maronite, Alawite Islam, Druze, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism An Arab (Arabic: ) is any member of the Semitic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases, ancestral origins trace back to... World map showing location of Africa A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second_largest continent in both area and population, after Asia. ... A European is primarily a person who was born into one of the countries within the continent of Europe. ... The term White American officially refers to people of European, Middle Eastern, and North African descent residing in the United States. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... “West Indian” redirects here. ...  Countries where Spanish has official status. ... // The term Latino is a linguistic identity that refers to an individual that has significant ancestry from a nation-state where a Latin derived language is spoken or is the offical language of the government. ...

A map prepared by the Harvard Pluralism Project, shows the distribution of mosques/masjids in the United States.^[30]

Another map from Valparaiso University shows an estimation of the Muslim populations per county, noting heavy concentrations of Muslim Americans in the Washington-Boston corridor, Houston, and southern California.^[31] Valparaiso University, known colloquially as Valpo, is a private university located in the city of Valparaiso, Indiana. ...

Variety of Islamic traditions

Islamic Society of Northern Wisconsin Mosque in Altoona, Wisconsin.

Within the Muslim community in the United States there exist a number of different traditions. As in the rest of the world, the Sunni Muslims are in the majority. The Shi'a Muslims, especially those in the Iranian immigrant community, are also active in community affairs. All four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence fiqh are found among the Sunni community. Some Muslims in the US are also adherents of certain global movements within Islam such as the Salafi/Wahabi, the Muslim Brotherhood, and the Tablighi Jamaat, as well as movements which most Muslims would consider non-Muslim, such as Jama'at Ahmadiyya or the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement or Louis Farrakhan's Nation of Islam. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1500x1500, 315 KB) The Islamic Society of Northern Wisconsin and Mosque in Altoona, Wisconsin. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1500x1500, 315 KB) The Islamic Society of Northern Wisconsin and Mosque in Altoona, Wisconsin. ... Location of Altoona within Wisconsin Location of Altoona within Eau Claire County Altoona is a city in Eau Claire County, Wisconsin, United States. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is on the beliefs of the followers of the Salaf. ... Wahhabism (sometimes spelled Wahabbism or Wahabism) is a movement of Islam named after Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab (1703–1792). ... The Muslim Brotherhood or The Muslim Brothers (Arabic: الإخوان المسلمون al-ikhwān al-muslimÅ«n, full title The Society of the Muslim Brothers, often simply الإخوان al-ikhwān, the Brotherhood or MB) is a world-wide Sunni Islamist movement founded by the sufi schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna in 1928. ... Tablighi Jamaat (Proselytizing Group) (Arabic: جماعة تبليغ, also Tabliq) is a Muslim missionary and revival movement. ... Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Assimilation

According to a 2004 telephone survey of a sample of 1846 Muslims conducted by the polling organization Zogby the respondents were more educated and affluent than the national average, with 59% of them holding at least an undergraduate college degree.^[32] Citing the Zogby survey, a 2005 Wall Street Journal editorial, by Bret Stephens and Joseph Rago expressed the tendency of American Muslims to report employment in professional fields, with one in three having an income over $75,000 a year. ^[33] The editorial also characterized American Muslims as "role models both as Americans and as Muslims". John Zogby (born 1948) is a noted American political pollster. ... The Wall Street Journal is an influential international daily newspaper published in New York City, New York with an average daily circulation of 1,800,607 (2002). ...

Unlike many Muslims in Europe, American Muslims do not tend to feel marginalized or isolated from political participation. Several organizations were formed by the American Muslim community to serve as 'critical consultants' on U.S. policy regarding Iraq and Afghanistan. Other groups have worked with law enforcement agencies to point out Muslims within the United States that they suspect of fostering 'intolerant attitudes'. Still others have worked to invite interfaith dialogue and improved relations between Muslim and non-Muslim Americans.^[34]

Some progressive Muslims press for more accommodations to the surrounding society.^{[citation needed]} For instance, they want mosques re-designed to make them more woman-friendly; they believe that women can be imams, that is, lead the congregation in prayer [7]. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

There are also those Muslims who feel that U.S. Muslims are lukewarm in their faith, and press for even more stringent observance of halal rules, male-female segregation, hijab, daily prayer, fasting, etc.^{[citation needed]} Illustration of an Islamic headscarf “Higab” redirects here. ...

Islamic Center of Washington

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (768x918, 120 KB)Taken by SimonP in April 2005 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (768x918, 120 KB)Taken by SimonP in April 2005 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... The Islamic Center of Washington The Islamic Center of Washington is a mosque and Islamic cultural center in Washington D.C. It is located on Embassy Row on Massachusetts Avenue just east of the bridge over Rock Creek. ...

Organizations

There are many Islamic organizations in the U.S.

• The largest of these groups is the American Society of Muslims (ASM), the successor organization to the Nation of Islam, once better-known as the Black Muslims. The American Society Of Muslims accepts the leadership of Warith Deen Muhammad. This group has evolved from the Black separatist Nation (or Temples) of Islam (1930-1975). This has been a twenty-three year process of religious reorientation and organizational decentralization, in the course of which the group was known by other names, such as the American Muslim Mission. It is not clear just how many Americans belong to the ASM. The vast majority of ASM adherents are African Americans. It should be noted that the original Nation of Islam beliefs differed sharply from traditional Islam in that they did not recognize Muhammad as God's final Prophet.

• The second largest group is the Islamic Society of North America (ISNA). ISNA is an association of Muslim organizations and individuals that provides a common platform for presenting Islam. It is mostly comprised of immigrants as well as some Caucasian, and small group of African American converts. Its membership may have recently exceeded ASM as many independent Mosques throughout the United States are choosing to affiliate with it. ISNA's annual convention is the largest gathering of Muslims within the United States.^[35]
• The third largest group is the Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA). ICNA describes itself as a non-ethnic, open to all, independent, North America-wide, grass-roots organization. It is mostly comprised of immigrants and some Caucasian, and African American converts. It also is growing as various independent Mosques throughout the United States join. It also may be larger than ASM at the present moment. It's youth division is Young Muslims ^[36]

• The Islamic Supreme Council of America (ISCA) represents many Muslims. Its stated aims include providing practical solutions for American Muslims, based on the traditional Islamic legal rulings of an international advisory board, many of whom are recognized as the highest ranking Islamic scholars in the world. ISCA strives to integrate traditional scholarship in resolving contemporary issues affecting the maintenance of Islamic beliefs in a modern, secular society. ^[37]

• The Islamic Assembly of North America (IANA) is a leading Muslim organization in the United States. According to its website, among the goals of IANA is to "unify and coordinate the efforts of the different dawah oriented organizations in North America and guide or direct the Muslims of this land to adhere to the proper Islamic methodology." In order to achieve its goals, IANA uses a number of means and methods including conventions, general meetings, dawah-oriented institutions and academies, etc. ^[38]

• The Muslim Student Association (MSA) is a group dedicated, by its own description, to Islamic societies on college campuses in Canada and the United States for the good of Muslim students. The MSA is involved in providing Muslims on various campuses the opportunity to practice their religion and to ease and facilitate such activities. MSA is also involved in social activities, such as fund raisers for the homeless during Ramadan. The founders of MSA would later establish the Islamic Society of North America and Islamic Circle of North America.^[39]

• The Islamic Information Center (IIC) is a "grass-roots" organization that has been formed for the purpose of informing the public, mainly through the media, about the real image of Islam and Muslims. The IIC is run by chairman, (Hojatul-Islam) Imam Syed Rafiq Naqvi, various committees, and supported by volunteers. ^[40]

This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Warith Deen Muhammad Warith Deen Muhammad (born Wallace D. Muhammad on October 30, 1933) is an influential American Muslim leader. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... The Islamic Society of North America (ISNA), based in Plainfield, Indiana, USA, is an umbrella group that describes itself as the largest Muslim organization in North America. ... Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA) is a non-ethnic, non-sectarian, open to all, independent, North America wide, grassroots organization. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... The Young Muslims is an Islamic organisation that encourages the revival of Islamic values in Muslim youth through: Dawah (invitation to Islam), Tarbiyah (education), Tazkiyah (personal development), and Community involvement and activism. ... The Islamic Supreme Council of America (ISCA) is a controversial Muslim religious organization in the United States. ... The Islamic Assembly of North America (IANA) is a Muslim organization headquartered in Ann Arbor, Michigan. ... The Muslim Student Association (MSA) is a group dedicated, by its own description, to Islamic societies on college campuses in Canada and the United States for the good of Muslim students. ... The Islamic Society of North America (ISNA), based in Plainfield, Indiana, USA, is an umbrella group that describes itself as the largest Muslim organization in North America. ... Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA) is a non-ethnic, non-sectarian, open to all, independent, North America wide, grassroots organization. ...

Political

Muslim political organizations lobby on behalf of various Muslim political interests. Organizations such as the American Muslim Council are actively engaged in upholding human and civil rights for all Americans. The American Muslim Council is a Muslim organization aimed at empowerment of American Muslims. ...

• The Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) is the United States largest Muslim civil rights and advocacy group, originally established to promote a positive image of Islam and Muslims in America. CAIR portrays itself as the voice of mainstream, moderate Islam on Capitol Hill and in political arenas throughout the United States. It has aggressively condemned all acts of terrorism, and has been working in collaboration with the White House in "issues of safety and foreign policy".^[34]

• The Muslim Public Affairs Council (MPAC) is an American Muslim public service & policy organization headquartered in Los Angeles and with offices in Washington D.C. MPAC was founded in 1988. The mission of MPAC "encompasses promoting an American Muslim identity, fostering an effective grassroots organization, and training a future generation of men and women to share our vision. MPAC also works to promote an accurate portrayal of Islam and Muslims in mass media and popular culture, educating the American public (both Muslim and non-Muslim) about Islam, building alliances with diverse communities and cultivating relationships with opinion- and decision-makers." ^[41]

• The American Islamic Congress is a small but growing moderate Muslim organization that promotes religious pluralism. Their official Statement of Principles states that "Muslims have been profoundly influenced by their encounter with America. American Muslims are a minority group, largely comprising African-Americans, immigrants, and children of immigrants, who have prospered in America's climate of religious tolerance and civil rights. The lessons of our unprecedented experience of acceptance and success must be carefully considered by our community." Their Statement of Principles describes their full agenda.^[42]

• The Free Muslims Coalition was created to eliminate broad base support for Islamic extremism and terrorism and to strengthen secular democratic institutions in the Middle East and the Muslim World by supporting Islamic reformation efforts.^{[citation needed]}

The Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) is a controversial Islamic advocacy group in North America, funded by American Muslims and also in significant part by sources with connections to Arab Middle Eastern governments. ... The Muslim Public Affairs Council (MPAC) is an American Muslim public service & policy organization headquartered in Los Angeles and with offices in Washington D.C. MPAC was founded in 1988. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates , Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,290. ... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... The American Islamic Congress (AIC) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization based in the United States. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

Charity

In addition to the organizations just listed, other Muslim organizations in the United States serve more specific needs. For example, some organizations focus almost exclusively on charity work. As a response to a crackdown on Muslim charity organizations working overseas such as the Holy Land Foundation, more Muslims have begun to focus their charity efforts within the United States. The Holy Land Foundation is an Islamic charity in the United States and claims to be the largest in that country. ...

• Inner-City Muslim Action Network (IMAN) is one of the leading Muslim charity organizations in the United States. According to the Inner-City Muslim Action Network, IMAN seeks "to utilize the tremendous possibilities and opportunities that are present in the community to build a dynamic and vibrant alternative to the difficult conditions of inner city life." IMAN sees understanding Islam as part of a larger process to empower individuals and communities to work for the betterment of humanity. ^[43]

Inner-City Muslim Action Network (IMAN) is one of the leading Muslim charity organizations in the United States. ...

Other

With the growth of Islam within the United States, Muslims with similar interests and ideas have organized for various purposes. Among the types of Muslim organizations that exist are those for entertainment purposes as well as for professionals, such as doctors and engineers. The most well-known organization for Muslims within the medical profession is the Islamic Medical Association of North America (IMANA). The largest Muslim organizations for women is the Muslim Women's League.^{[citation needed]}

American Muslims can be found in all professions in the United States. Muslim doctors, lawyers, teachers, and businessmen serve large and small communities. Muslims have made contributions to the cultural, scientific, political, and economic life of the United States. For more information on American Muslims and their contribution within the United States, see List of American Muslims.^{[citation needed]} This page is an incomplete list of notable people from North America who are Muslims - followers of Islam. ...

Controversy and Criticism

Many Muslim Americans especially have been criticized for supporting terrorism, fundamentalist ideas or views which are contrary to the American society and mindset. In Minneapolis, Minnesota, Muslim cab drivers have refused passengers carrying liqueur.^[44] There are reported incidents in which Muslims cashiers in grocery stores have refused to sell pork products.^[45] The largest Muslim civil rights organization in America, CAIR has been accused of supporting terrorism.^[46]

American populace's view on Islam

A nationwide survey conducted in 2003 by the Pew Research Center and the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life reported that the percentage of Americans with an unfavorable view of Islam increased by one percentage point between 2002 and 2003 to 34%, and then by another two percentage points in 2005 to 36%. At the same time the percentage responding that Islam was more likely than other religion to encourage violence fell from 44% in July 2003 to 36% in July 2005.^[47] Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ...

The July 2005 Pew survey, also showed that 59% of American adults view Islam as "very different from their religion", down one percentage point from 2003. In the same survey 55% had a favorable opinion of Muslim Americans up four percentage points from 51% in July 2003. ^[48] A December 2004 Cornell University survey shows that 47% of Americans believe that the Islamic religion is more likely than others to encourage violence amongst its believers. ^[49]

A CBS April 2006 shows that, in terms of faiths^[50]

• 58 % of Americans have favorable attitudes toward Protestantism/Other Christians
• 48 % favorable toward Catholicism
• 47 % favorable toward Judaism
• 31 % favorable toward Christian fundamentalism
• 20 % favorable toward Mormonism
• 19 % favorable toward Islam
• 8 % favorable toward Scientology

The Pew survey shows that, in terms of adherents^[51] Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      Protestantism encompasses the forms... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      As a Christian ecclesiastical... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Fundamentalist Christianity is a fundamentalist movement, especially within American Protestantism. ... Book of Mormon, see Latter Day Saint movement. ... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... Scientology is a system of beliefs and practices created by American pulp fiction[1][2] and science fiction [3] author L. Ron Hubbard in 1952 as a self-help philosophy. ...

• 77 % of Americans have favorable opinions of Jews
• 73 % favorable of Catholics
• 57 % favorable of "evangelical Christians"
• 55 % favorable of Muslims
• 35 % favorable of Atheists

Evangelicalism, in a strictly lexical, but rarely used sense, refers to all things that are implied in belief that Jesus is the savior. ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... For information about the band, see Atheist (band). ...

American Muslim's views on the United States

In a 2007 survey titled Muslim Americans: Middle Class and Mostly Mainstream, the Pew Research Center found Muslim Americans to be This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

largely assimilated, happy with their lives, and moderate with respect to many of the issues that have divided Muslims and Westerners around the world.^[52]

47% of respondents said they considered themselves Muslims first and Americans second. However, this was compared to 81% of British Muslims and 69% of German Muslims, when asked the equivalent question. A similar disparity exists in income, the percentage of American Muslims living in poverty is 2% higher than the general population, compared to an 18% disparity for French Muslims and 29% difference for Spanish Muslims.^[53]

Politically, American Muslims were both pro-larger government and socially conservative. For example, 70% of respondents preferred a bigger government providing more services, while 61% stated that homosexuality should be discouraged by society. Despite their social conservatism, 71% of American Muslims expressed a preference for the Democratic Party.^[54] Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ... The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. ...

American Muslim life after the September 11, 2001 attacks

After the September 11, 2001 attacks, there were occasional attacks on some Muslims living in the U.S., although this form of violent out lash has not been condoned or perpetuated by a majority of the American public. ^[55][56] A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11—pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly...

In a 2007 survey, 53% of American Muslims reported that it was more difficult to be a Muslim after the 9/11 attacks. Asked to name the most important problem facing them, the options named by more than ten percent of American Muslims were discrimination (19%), being viewed as a terrorist (15%), public's ignorance about Islam (13%), and stereotyping (12%). 54% believe that the U.S. government's anti-terrorism activities single out Muslims.^[57]

On a small number of occasions Muslim women who wore distinctive hijab were harassed, causing some Muslim women to stay at home, while others temporarily abandoned the practice.^[58][59] While 51% of American Muslims express worry that women wearing hijab will be treated poorly, 44% of American Muslim women who always wear hijab express a similar concern.^[60] Yet many other Americans have expressed a rejection of such prejudice. In one city, women of various faiths all started wearing headscarves, so that Muslim women could not be singled out.^{[citation needed]} In several cities, concerned neighbors patrolled mosques to prevent arson and vandalism.^{[citation needed]} Many Americans have spoken out against anti-Muslim prejudice. Illustration of an Islamic headscarf “Higab” redirects here. ...

In a 2007 survey, 35% of American Muslims stated that the decision for military action in Afghanistan was the right one and 12% supported the use of military force in Iraq. This is consistent with the finding that 55% of American Muslims do not believe that the "War on Terror" is a sincere attempt to reduce international terrorism. Only 40% of respondents said that the 9/11 attacks were carried out by "groups of Arabs", while 32% refused to respond and 28% said it was not carried out by a group of Arabs. 18% of respondents overall state that Arabs did not do it but they do not know who did. Most of those who named an alternate theory said that the attacks were carried out by a conspiracy involving the U.S. government or President George W. Bush (7% of all respondents).^[61] The war on terrorism or war on terror (abbreviated in U.S. policy circles as GWOT for Global War on Terror) is an effort by the governments of the United States and its principal allies to destroy groups deemed to be terrorist (primarily radical Islamist organizations such as al-Qaeda... Since the September 11, 2001 attacks, a variety of conspiracy theories have emerged about the attacks which contradict the mainstream account of events that day. ...

76% of surveyed Muslim Americans stated that they are very or somewhat concerned about the rise of Islamic extremism around the world, while 61% express a similar concern about the possibility of Islamic extremism in the United States. Correspondingly, 8% of American Muslims said that suicide bombing is often or sometimes justifiable in defense of Islam, while 5% said such justification is rarely proper. 78% stated that suicide bombing is never justified. Muslims between the ages of 18 and 29 were significantly more supportive, with 26% of this group stating that there were at least rare instances when suicide bombing was justified. 5% of American Muslims expressed a positive view of al Qaeda. Remarkably, 61% of Muslim Americans agreed that "a way can be found for Israel to exist so that the rights and needs of the Palestinian people can be taken care of", roughly equivalent to the general populations of both the United States and Israel and far more than that found in Muslim-majority countries.^[62] A suicide bombing is a bomb attack on people or property, committed by a person who knows the explosion will cause his or her own death (see suicide, suicide weapons). ... Al-Qaeda (also al-Qaida or al-Qaida) (Arabic: ‎ , translation: The Base) is an international alliance of militant jihadist organizations established by Osama bin Laden and others around the time of the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan in 1989. ... Palestinians are people with family origins mainly in Palestine. ...

Disaffected Muslims in the US

Some Muslims in the US have adopted the strident anti-American rhetoric common in many Muslim-majority countries. In some cases, these are recent immigrants who have carried their anti-American sentiments with them. The Egyptian cleric, Omar Abdel-Rahman is now serving a jail sentence for his involvement in the 1993