The Histories of Herodotus of Halicarnassus is considered the first work of history in Western literature. Written about 440 BC in the Ionic dialect of classical Greek, The Histories tells the story of the war between the Persian Empire and the Greek city-states in the 5th century BC. Herodotus traveled extensively around the ancient world, conducting interviews and collecting stories for his book. At the beginning of The Histories, Herodotus sets out his reasons for writing it: Bust of Herodotus at Naples Herodotus of Halicarnassus (Greek: , Herodotos) was a historian who lived in the 5th century BC (484 BC-ca. ... Map of the Aegean Sea, showing the location of Halicarnassus (modern Bodrum, Turkey) Halicarnassus (; modern Bodrum; see also List of traditional Greek place names), an ancient Greek city on the southwest coast of Caria, Asia Minor, on a picturesque and advantageous site on the Ceramic Gulf (Gulf of Cos, Gulf... For other senses of this word, see history (disambiguation). ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 490s BC 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC - 440s BC - 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC Years: 445 BC 444 BC 443 BC 442 BC 441 BC - 440 BC - 439 BC 438 BC... Ionic Greek was a sub-dialect of the so called Attic-Ionic dialectal group of the ancient Greek language, which was itself a member of the Greek branch of Indoeuropean language family. ... The History of Greece extends back to the arrival of the Greeks in Europe some time before 1500 BC, even though there has only been an independent state called Greece since Turkey, Italy and Libya. ... The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau and beyond. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) The 5th century BC started on January 1, 500 BC and ended on December 31, 401 BC. // Overview The Parthenon of Athens seen from the hill of the Pnyx to the west. ... Ancient history is the study of significant cultural and political events from the beginning of human history until the Early Middle Ages. ...

Herodotus of Halicarnassus here displays his enquiry, so that human achievements may not become forgotten in time, and great and marvellous deeds – some displayed by Greeks, some by barbarians – may not be without their glory; and especially to show why the two peoples fought with each other. (unknown translation) // The word barbarian generally refers to an uncivilized, uncultured person, either in a general reference to a member of a nation or ethnos perceived as having an inferior level of civilization, or in an individual reference to a brutal, cruel, insensitive person whose behavior is unacceptable in a civilized society. ...

The Histories is divided into nine books, each named after one of the Muses. The rise of the Persian Empire is chronicled, and the causes for the conflict with Greece. Herodotus treats the conflict as an ideological one, frequently contrasting the absolute power of the Persian king with the democratic government of the Greeks. The Histories contains a famous account of the Battle of Marathon, of which Herodotus wrote: For other uses see Muse (disambiguation). ... Combatants Athens and Plataea Persia Commanders Miltiades, Callimachus† Darius I of Persia, Artaphernes Strength About 10,000 Athenians and 1,000 Plataeans 20,000-60,000 by modern estimates 1 Casualties 192 Athenians and 11 Plateans dead 6,400 dead, 7 ships captured 1 Ancient sources give numbers ranging from...

So when the battle was set in array, and the preliminary sacrifice promised success, instantly the Athenians, so soon as they were let go, charged the barbarians at a run. Now the distance between the two armies was little short of eight furlongs. The Persians, therefore, when they saw the Greeks coming on at speed, made ready to receive them, although it seemed to them that the Athenians were bereft of their senses, and bent upon their own destruction; for they saw a mere handful of men coming on at a run without either horsemen or archers. Such was the opinion of the barbarians; but the Athenians in close array fell upon them, and fought in a manner worthy of being recorded. (unknown translation) Athens (Greek: Αθήνα, Athína IPA: ) is the capital and the largest city of Greece. ...

Storyline

Book I (Clio)

View of Delphi, looking down from the theater.

• The rulers of Lydia (on the west coast of modern Turkey): Candaules, Gyges, Sadyattes, Alyattes, Crœsus
• How Gyges took the kingdom from Candaules
• The singer Arion's ride on the dolphin
• Solon's answer to Crœsus's question that Tellus was the happiest person in the world
• Crœsus's efforts to protect his son Atys, his son's accidental death by Adrastus
• Crœsus's test of the oracles
• The answer from the Oracle of Delphi concerning whether Crœsus should attack the Persians (famous for its ambiguity): If you attack you will destroy a mighty empire
• Pisistratus' rises and falls from power as tyrant of Athens
• The rise of Sparta
• Crœsus's defeat by Cyrus II of Persia, and how he later became Cyrus's advisor
• The rulers of the Medes: Deioces, Phraortes, Cyaxares, Astyages, Cyrus II of Persia
• The rise of Deioces over the Medes
• Astyages's attempt to destroy Cyrus, and Cyrus's rise to power
• Harpagus tricked into eating his son, his revenge against Astyages by assisting Cyrus
• The culture of the Persians
• The history and geography of the Ionians, and the attacks on it by Harpagus
• The culture of Assyria, especially the design and improvement of the city of Babylon and the ways of its people
• Cyrus's attack on Babylon, including his revenge on the river Gyndes and his famous method for entering the city
• Cyrus's ill-fated attack on the Massagetæ

Clio - detail from The Allegory of Painting, Vermeer For other uses of the word Clio, see Clio (disambiguation). ... Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 591 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 591 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The amphitheatre, seen from above. ... Lydia (Greek ) is a historic region of western Anatolia, congruent with Turkeys modern provinces of İzmir and Manisa. ... Candaules (Κανδαυλης) was a king of the ancient Kingdom of Lydia from 735 BC to 718 BC. He succeeded Meles and was followed by Gyges. ... Gyges, was the founder of the third or Mermnad dynasty of Lydian kings and reigned from 687 to 652 BC (according to H Gelzer. ... Sadyattes, son of Ardys II, was King of Lydia from 624 BC to 610 BC. He was succeeded by his son Alyattes II. The Greeks nicknamed him Candaules, the dog-strangler, after a name of the Lydian god Hermes. ... Alyattes can refer to: Alyattes I, king of Lydia (ca. ... Croesus Croesus (IPA pronunciation: , CREE-sus) was the king of Lydia from 560/561 BC until his defeat by the Persians in about 547 BC. The English name Croesus come from the Latin transliteration of the Greek , in Arabic and Persian قارون, Qârun. ... Gyges can be: A figure from Greek mythology, one of the Hecatonchires. ... Candaules (Κανδαυλης) was a king of the ancient Kingdom of Lydia from 735 BC to 718 BC. He succeeded Meles and was followed by Gyges. ... Arion on a sea horse, as pictured by William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1855). ... Genera See article below. ... Solon Solon (Greek: Σόλων, ca. ... Tellus was also an Athenian statesman featured in Herodotuss Histories where he is described by the wise man Solon as being the happiest man ever. ... Atys was the son of Croesus, a king of Lydia. ... In Greek mythology, Adrastus, or Adrastos (he who stands his ground, son of Talaus) was one of the three kings at Argos, along with Iphis and Amphiaraus, who was married to Adrastus sister Eriphyle. ... The word Sibyl comes (via Latin) from the ancient Greek word sibylla, meaning prophetess. ... Pisistratus Peisistratos is the name of a major Athenian ruler, as well as a minor character in the Odyssey. ... Sparta (Doric: , Attic: ) is a city in southern Greece. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Medes(ancient Kurdistan) were an Iranian people, who lived in the north, western, and northwestern portions of present-day Iran, and roughly the areas of present day Tehran, Hamedan, Azarbaijan, north of Esfahan, Zanjan, and Kurdistan. ... Deioces was the first king of the Medes, an Aryan people in what would become Iran. ... Fravartish or Phraortes (c. ... Hvakhshathra or Cyaxares (r. ... Astyages (so-called by Herodotos; called Astyigas by Ctesias, and Aspadas by Diodorus; Akkadian: Ishtumegu) (reigned 585 BCE-550 BCE) was the son of King Cyaxares, and the last king of the Median Empire. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Astyages (so-called by Herodotos; called Astyigas by Ctesias, and Aspadas by Diodorus; Akkadian: Ishtumegu) (reigned 585 BCE-550 BCE) was the son of King Cyaxares, and the last king of the Median Empire. ... Harpagus was a Median general in the 6th century BC. A courtier to Astyages, he is called the kingmaker for his defection to Cyrus II (Cyrus the Great), and, as such, is credited with having put Cyrus II on the throne. ... Safavid era painting kept at The Grand Shah Abbas Caravanserai Hotel in Isfahan. ... Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ... Assyrian Empire Assyria in earliest historical times referred to a region on the Upper Tigris river, named for its original capital, the ancient city of Assur. ... , Babylon is the Greek variant of Akkadian Babilu (bāb-ilû, meaning Gateway of ... Massagetae were an Iranian people of antiquity. ...

Book II (Euterpe)

Statue of the Egyptian goddess Hathor.

• The proof of the antiquity of the Phrygians by the use of children unexposed to language
• The geography of Egypt
• Speculations on the Nile river
• The religious practices of Egypt, especially as they differ from the Greeks
• The animals of Egypt: cats, dogs, crocodiles, hippopotamuses, otters, phoenixes, sacred serpents, winged snakes, ibises
• The culture of Egypt: medicine, funeral rites, food, boats
• The kings of Egypt: Menes, Nitocris, Mœris, Sesostris, Pheron, Proteus
• Helen and Paris' stay in Egypt during the Trojan War
• More kings of Egypt: Rhampsinitus (and the story of the clever thief), Cheops (and the building of the Great Pyramid), Chephren, Mycerinus, Asychis, Anysis, Sethôs
• The line of priests
• The Labyrinth
• More kings of Egypt: the twelve, Psammetichus (and his rise to power), Necôs, Psammis, Apries, Amasis II (and his rise to power)

The Muse Euterpe or Eutere (rejoicing well or delight), in Greek mythology, was one of the Muses, the daughters of Mnemosyne, fathered by Zeus. ... Image File history File links Egypt. ... Image File history File links Egypt. ... Statue of Hathor (Luxor Museum) In Egyptian mythology, Hathor (Egyptian for house of Horus) was originally a personification of the Milky Way, which was seen as the milk that flowed from the udders of a heavenly cow. ... In antiquity, Phrygia was a kingdom in the west central part of the Anatolian highlands, part of modern Turkey. ... The Nile ; Ancient Egyptian iteru), a river in Africa, is accepted by most authorities as being the |longest river on Earth]]. The Nile has two tributaries, the White Nile and Blue Nile, the former being the longer of the two. ... Trinomial name Felis silvestris catus (Linnaeus, 1758) The cat (or domestic cat, house cat) is a small carnivorous mammal and a subspecies of the wild cat. ... Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris The dog is a mammal in the order Carnivora. ... Genera Mecistops Crocodylus Osteolaemus See full taxonomy. ... Binomial name Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus, 1758 The Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), from the Greek ‘ιπποπόταμος (hippopotamos, hippos meaning horse and potamos meaning river), is a large, plant-eating African mammal, one of only two extant, and three or four recently extinct, species in the family Hippopotamidae. ... Genera Otters are aquatic or marine carnivorous mammals, members of the large and diverse family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, polecats, badgers, and others. ... The phoenix from the Aberdeen Bestiary. ... Serpent is a word of Latin origin (serpens, serpentis) which is ultimately derived from the Sanskrit term serp, that is normally substituted for snake in a specifically mythic or religious context, in order to distinguish such creatures from the field of biology. ... Superfamilies and Families Henophidia Aniliidae Anomochilidae Boidae Bolyeriidae Cylindrophiidae Loxocemidae Pythonidae Tropidophiidae Uropeltidae Xenopeltidae Typhlopoidea Anomalepididae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Xenophidia Acrochordidae Atractaspididae Colubridae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Viperidae Snakes (from Old English snaca, and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European base *snag- or *sneg-, to crawl), also known as ophidians, are cold-blooded... Genera Threskiornis Pseudibis Thaumatibis Geronticus Nipponia Bostrychia Theristicus Cercibis Mesembrinibis Phimosus Eudocimus Plegadis Lophotibis Ibises are a group of long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae. ... Menes was an Egyptian pharaoh of the First dynasty, to some authors the founder of this dynasty, to others the Second. ... For the band Nitocris see Nitocris (Band) Nitocris (Greek Νίτωκρις) has been claimed to have been the last Pharaoh of the 6th Dynasty of Egypt, and perhaps the first female ruler of Egypt, the first known Queen regnant in the world, and the first of three women to take the title... Sesostris was the name of a legendary king of ancient Egypt. ... Pheron, mentioned in The History by Herodotus, was a king of ancient Egypt. ... Proteus was an Egyptian king who is mostly known for his involvement in an alternate version of the story of Helen of Troy. ... In Greek mythology Helen () was reputed to be the most beautiful woman in the world. ... Judgement of Paris by Lucas Cranach the Elder (c. ... The fall of Troy by Johann Georg Trautmann (1713–1769) From the collections of the granddukes of Baden, Karlsruhe The Trojan War was a war waged, according to legend, against the city of Troy in Asia Minor (present-day Turkey), by the armies of the Achaeans, after Paris of Troy... Osirid statues of Ramses III at his temple at Medinet Habu. ... Cheops redirects here, for other usages see Cheops (disambiguation). ... The Great Pyramid of Giza, (sometimes spelled Gizeh) is the oldest and last remaining of the Seven Wonders of the World and the most famous pyramid in the world. ... Khafre also refers to a block cipher. ... Sketch of a statue of Menkaura and his queen The Pyramid of Menkaure, Giza Menkaura (or Men-Kau-Re; Mycerinus in Latin; Mykerinos in Greek) was a pharaoh of the Fourth dynasty of Egypt (ca. ... nomen or birth name Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I (Egyptian Å¡Å¡nq), also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I (for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq), was a Meshwesh Libyan king of Egypt and founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty. ... Anysis is a king of Egypt, mentioned only in Herodotus, who was blind and was deposed. ... nomen or birth name Menmaatre, or Seti I was a Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt (Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt), the son of Ramesses I and Queen Sitre, and the father of Ramesses II. According to some historians, he reigned between either 1294 BC or 1290 BC to 1279 BC or 1305... A Roman mosaic showing Theseus and the Minotaur. ... praenomen or throne name nomen or birth name Psammetichus, or Psamtik I, was the first of three kings of the Saite, or Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt. ... praenomen or throne name nomen or birth name Necho II (also known as Nekau II) was a king of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt (610 - 595 BC), and the son of Psammetichus I. He played a significant role in the histories of the Assyrian Empire, Babylonia and the Kingdom... praenomen or throne name nomen or birth name Apries (Egyptian Wahibre) was a pharaoh of Egypt, (589 BC-570 BC) of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt. ... Amasis II (also Ahmose or Ah-mes) was a pharaoh (570 - 526 BC) of the 26th dynasty, the successor of Wahibre. ...

Book III (Thalia)

The ruins of Persepolis, capital of the Persian Empire.

• Cambyses II of Persia's (son of Cyrus II and king of Persia) attack on Egypt, and the defeat of the Egyptian king Psammetichus III.
• Cambyses's abortive attack on Ethiopia
• The madness of Cambyses
• The good fortune of Polycrates king of Samos
• Periander, the king of Corinth and Corcyra, and his obstinate son
• The revolt of the two Magi in Persia and the death of Cambyses
• The conspiracy of the seven to remove the Magi
• The rise of Darius I of Persia.
• The twenty satrapies
• The culture of India and their method of collecting gold
• The culture of Arabia and their method of collecting spices
• The flooded valley with five gates
• Orœtes's (governor of Sardis) scheme against Polycrates
• The physician Democêdes
• The rise of Syloson governor of Samos
• The revolt of Babylon and its defeat by the scheme of Zopyrus

Thalia - oil on canvas by Jean-Marc Nattier 1739 In Greek mythology, Thalia or Thaleia (good cheer) was the muse of comedy and pastoral poetry. ... Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 713 KB)my own picture better resolution File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 713 KB)my own picture better resolution File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Persepolis Aerial View - After 2500 years, the ruins of Persepolis still inspire visitors from far and near. ... Cambyses II (Persian Kambujiya (کمبوجیه), d. ... nomen or birth name Ankhkaenre Psammetichus III (Psamtik III) was the last Pharaoh of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt, 526 BC–525 BC. He was defeated by King Cambyses II of Persia at Pelusium, carried to Susa in chains, and executed. ... Polycrates, son of Aeaces, was the tyrant of Samos from 535 BC to 515 BC. He took power during a festival of Hera with his brothers Pantagnotus and Syloson, but soon had Pantagnotus killed and exiled Syloson to take full control for himself. ... Samos (Greek Σάμος) is a Greek island in the Eastern Aegean Sea, located between the island of Chios to the North and the archipelagic complex of the Dodecanese islands to the South and in particular the island of Patmos and off the coast of Turkey, on what was formely known as... Periander was the second tyrant of Corinth, Greece in the 7th century BC. He was the son of the first tyrant, Cypselus. ... Corinth, or Korinth (Κόρινθος; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a Greek city, on the Isthmus of Corinth, the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnesus to the mainland of Greece. ... (This article is about the Greek island known in English as Corfu. ... The Wise Men are given the names Gaspar, Melchior, and Balthasar in this Romanesque mosaic from the Basilica of St Apollinarius in Ravenna, Italy. ... The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau and beyond. ... Darius I of Persia Darius the Great (Darayawush I) (ca. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula is a mainly desert peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia and an important part of the greater Middle East. ... Sardis, (also Sardes) the capital of the ancient kingdom of Lydia, the seat of a conventus under the Roman Empire, and the metropolis of the province Lydia in later Roman and Byzantine times, was situated in the middle Hermus valley, at the foot of Mt. ... Democedes of Croton, described in The Histories of Herodotus as the most skillful physician of his time. // Democedess Background Democedes was a Greek physician and a part of the court of Darius I. He was born in Croton, part of present-day Italy. ... , Babylon is the Greek variant of Akkadian Babilu (bāb-ilû, meaning Gateway of ... Zopyrus (ca. ...

Book IV (Melpomene)

Scythian warriors, drawn after figures on an electrum cup from the Kul'Oba kurgan burial near Kerch (Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg).

• The history of the Scythians (from the land north of the Black Sea)
• The miraculous poet Aristeas
• The geography of Scythia
• The inhabitants of regions beyond Scythia: Sauromatae, Budini, Thyssagetae, Argippaeans, Issedonians, Arimaspi, Hyperboreans
• A comparison of Libya (Africa), Asia, and Europe
• The rivers of Scythia: the Ister, the Tyras, the Hypanis, the Borysthenes, the Panticapes, the Hypacyris, the Gerrhus, and the Tanais
• The culture of the Scythians: religion, burial rites, xenophobia (the stories of Anacharsis and Scylas), population
• The beginning of Darius's attack on Scythia, including the bridge over the Bosphorus
• The brutal worship of Zalmoxis by the Getae
• The customs of the surrounding peoples: Tauri, Agathyrsi, Neuri, Androphagi (man-eaters), Melanchlaeni, Geloni, Budini, Sauromatae
• The wooing of the Amazons by the Scyths, forming the Sauromatae
• Darius's failed attack on Scythia and consequent retreat
• The story of the Minyæ (descendants of the Argonauts) and the founding of Cyrene
• The kings of Cyrene: Battus, Arcesilaüs, Battus the lame (and the reforms of Demônax), Arcesilaüs (his revolt and death)
• The peoples of Libya from east to west
• The revenge of Arcesilaüs's mother Pheretima

Hesiod and the Muse, 1891 - Oil on canvas, Musee dOrsay, Paris Gustave Moreau Melpomene (to sing) was a Muse in Greek mythology. ... Download high resolution version (1006x382, 89 KB)From 1900 edition of Encyclopedie Larousse Illustree. ... Download high resolution version (1006x382, 89 KB)From 1900 edition of Encyclopedie Larousse Illustree. ... Electrum coin of the Byzantine Emperor Alexius I Comnenus. ... Kerch (Russian: Керчь; Ukrainian: Керч; Old East Slavic: Корчев, Turkish and Crimean Tatar: Kerç) is a city (2001 pop 157,000) on the Kerch Peninsula of eastern Crimea, an important industrial, transportation and tourist center of Ukraine. ... The State Hermitage Museum (Государственный Эрмитаж) in St. ... Scythian warriors, drawn after figures on an electrum cup from the KulOba kurgan burial near Kerch. ... Map of the Black Sea. ... Aristeas was a semi-legendary Greek poet and miracle-worker, a native of Proconnesus in Asia Minor, active ca. ... Sarmatia Europæa separated from Sarmatia Asiatica by the Tanais (the River Don), based on Greek literary sources, in a map printed in London, ca 1770. ... Budini, an ancient nation in the NE of the Scythia of Herodotus (iv. ... Thyssagetae were an ancient tribe described by Herodotus (IV. 22, 123) as occupying a district to the north-east of Scythia separated from the Budini by a desert seven days journey broad, perhaps the Voguls. ... The Arimaspi of northern Scythia, perhaps in the foothills of the Carpathians, were so utterly legendary to Greek writers that it was said they had a single eye in the center of their foreheads. ... In Greek mythology, according to tradition, the Hyperboreans were a mythical people who lived to the far north of Greece. ... For other uses, see Africa (disambiguation). ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... World map showing Europe Political map Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of Earth; the term continent here referring to a cultural and political distinction, rather than a physiographic one, thus leading to various perspectives about Europes precise borders. ... The Danube bend at Visegrád is a popular destination of tourists The Danube (ancient Danuvius) is Europes second-longest river (after the Volga). ... The Dniester (Polish Dniestr, Ukrainian Дністер (Dnister), Romanian Nistru, Russian Днестр (Dnestr), Yiddish‫נעסטער ‬ (nester), Serbian (Dnjester) and during antiquity was called Tyras in Latin) is a river in Eastern Europe. ... The Beas River (Punjabi: ) runs through the Northwestern Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab. ... The Dnieper River (also: Dnepr, Dniapro, or Dnipro) is a river (2,290 km length) which flows from Russia through Belarus and then Ukraine. ... Inhul (Ingul) is a river of Ukraine. ... Sarmatian cataphract from Tanais. ... Look up xenophobia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Anacharsis He marvelled that among the Greeks, those who were skillful in a thing vie in competition; those who have no skill, judge —Diogenes Laertius, of Anacharsis. ... Darius I of Persia Darius the Great (Darayawush I) (ca. ... Bosporus - photo taken from International Space Station. ... Detail of the main fresco of the Aleksandrovo kurgan. ... The Getae was the name by which the pre-Roman ancient writers reffered to the tribes that will become the later Dacians. ... In the science fiction television show Stargate SG-1, the Tauri or People of the Tauri (sometimes apostrophized as Tauri) are humans from Earth. ... Agathyrsi were a people of Thracian origin, who in the earliest historical times occupied the plain of the Maris (Mures), in the region now known as Transylvania. ... According to Herodotus the Neuri were a tribe of Scythians described by as: Dniepr river Categories: Stub ... Androphagi (Greek for man-eaters) was an ancient nation of cannibals north of Scythia (according to Herodotus), probably in the forests between the upper waters of the Dnepr and Don. ... The Melanchlaeni (meaning black-cloaks), one of two ancient tribes. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Gelonus. ... Budini, an ancient nation in the NE of the Scythia of Herodotus (iv. ... Sarmatia Europæa separated from Sarmatia Asiatica by the Tanais (the River Don), based on Greek literary sources, in a map printed in London, ca 1770. ... In Greek mythology, the Amazons () were either an ancient legendary nation of female warriors or a land dominated by women at the outer edges of their known world. ... The Argo, by Lorenzo Costa In Greek mythology, the Argonauts (ancient Greek:Αργοναύται) were a band of heroes who, in the years before the Trojan War, accompanied Jason to Colchis in his quest for the Golden Fleece. ... Cyrene, the ancient Greek city (in present-day Libya) was the oldest and most important of the five Greek cities in the region and gave eastern Libya the classical name Cyrenaica that it has retained to modern times. ... Cyrene was a Greek colony on the North African coast, in what is now northeastern Libya, founded by settlers from Thera in the 7th Century BC. The early dates are largely conjectural, as are the individuals whose reigns they purport to indicate. ... Battus can refer to: In Greek mythology, Battus is the name of two different people: Son of Polymnestus, founded Cyrene, thus fulfilling a prophecy given to his ancestor, Euphemus. ...

Book V (Terpsichore)

• The attack on the Thracians by Megabazus
• The removal of the Paeonians to Asia
• The slaughter of the Persian envoys by Alexander I of Macedon
• The failed attack on the Naxians by Aristagoras, tyrant of Miletus
• The revolt of Miletus against Persia
• The background of Cleomenes I, king of Sparta, and his half brother Dorieus
• The description of the Persian Royal Road from Sardis to Susa
• The introduction of writing to Greece by the Phoenicians
• The freeing of Athens by Sparta, and its subsequent attacks on Athens
• The reorganizing of the Athenian tribes by Clisthenes
• The attack on Athens by the Thebans and Eginetans
• The backgrounds of the tyrants of Corinth, Cypselus and his son Periander
• Aristagoras's failed request for help from Sparta, and successful attempt with Athens
• The burning of Sardis, and Darius's vow for revenge against the Athenians
• Persia's attempts to quell the Ionian revolt

Terpsichore, Muse of Music and Dance, oil on canvas by Jean-Marc Nattier 1739 In Greek mythology, Terpsichore (delight of dancing) was one of the nine Muses, ruling over dance and the dramatic chorus. ... Thracian peltast, 5th to 4th century BC Thracian Horseman Thracians in an ethnic sense refers to various ancient peoples who spoke Dacian and Thracian, a scarcely attested branch of the Indo-European language family. ... Megabazus was a highly regarded Persian general under Darius. ... Paionia (Romanized as Paeonia) was, in ancient geography, the land of the Paionians (or Paiones, Paeonians), the exact boundaries of which, like the early history of its inhabitants, are very obscure. ... Alexander I was ruler of Macedon from 495 BC to 450 BC. He was the son of Amyntas I of Macedon. ... Naxos (Greek: Νάξος; Italian: Nicsia) is the largest island (428 km²) in the Cyclades island group in the Aegean. ... Aristagoras was the leader of Miletus in the late 6th century BC and early 5th century BC. He was the son of Molpagoras, and son_in_law (and nephew) of Histiaeus, whom the Persians had set up as tyrant of Miletus. ... Miletus (Greek: Μίλητος transliterated Miletos) was an ancient city on the western coast of Anatolia (in what is now the Aydin Province of Turkey), near the mouth of the Maeander River. ... For other uses of this term see: Persia (disambiguation) The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... Cleomenes (Greek Κλεομένης, d. ... The Persian Royal Road was an ancient highway built by the Persian king Darius I in the 5th Century BCE. Darius built the road to facilitate rapid communication throughout his very large empire from Susa to Sardis. ... Sardis, (also Sardes) the capital of the ancient kingdom of Lydia, the seat of a conventus under the Roman Empire, and the metropolis of the province Lydia in later Roman and Byzantine times, was situated in the middle Hermus valley, at the foot of Mt. ... Winged sphinx from the palace of Darius the Great at Susa. ... A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. ... Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal plain of what is now Lebanon and Syria. ... Athens (Greek: Αθήνα, Athína IPA: ) is the capital and the largest city of Greece. ... Sparta (Doric: , Attic: ) is a city in southern Greece. ... Cleisthenes (also Clisthenes or Kleisthenes) was a noble Athenian of the accursed Alcmeonidate family. ... Thebes (Θῆβαι Thívai) is a city in Greece, situated to the north of the Cithaeron range, which divides Boeotia from Attica, and on the southern edge of the Boeotian plain. ... Aegina (Greek: Αίγινα Egina) is one of the Saronic Islands of Greece in the Saronic Gulf, 31 miles (50 km) from Athens. ... Corinth, or Korinth (Κόρινθος; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a Greek city, on the Isthmus of Corinth, the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnesus to the mainland of Greece. ... Cypselus (or Kypselos) was the first tyrant of Corinth, Greece in the 7th century BC. With increased wealth and more complicated trade relations and social structures, Greek city-states tended to overthrow their traditional hereditary priest-kings; Corinth, the richest archaic polis, led the way. ... Periander was the second tyrant of Corinth, Greece in the 7th century BC. He was the son of the first tyrant, Cypselus. ... Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ...

Book VI (Erato)

Miltiades.

• The fleeing of Histiaeus to Chios
• The training of the Ionian fleet by Dionysius
• The abandonment of the Ionian fleet by the Samians during battle
• The defeat of the Ionian fleet by the Persians
• The capture and death of Histiaeus by Harpagus
• The invasion of Greece under Mardonius and enslavement of Macedon
• The destruction of 300 ships in Mardonius's fleet neer Athos
• The order of Darius that the Greeks provide him earth and water, in which most consent, including Aegina
• The Athenian request for assistance of Cleomenes of Sparta in dealing with the traitors
• The history behind Sparta having two kings and their powers
• The dethronement of Demaratus, the other king of Sparta, due to his supposed false lineage
• The arrest of the traitors in Aegina by Cleomenes and the new king Leotychides
• The suicide of Cleomenes in a fit of madness, possibly caused by his war with Argos, drinking unmixed wine, or his involvement in dethroning Demaratus
• The battle between Aegina and Athens
• The taking of Eretria by the Persians after the Eretrians sent away Athenian help
• Pheidippides's encounter with the god Pan on a journey to Sparta to request aid
• The assistance of the Plataeans, and the history behind their allience with Athens
• The Athenian win at the Battle of Marathon, led by Miltiades and other strategoi
• The Spartans late arrival to assist Athens
• The history of the Alcmaeonidae and how they came about their wealth and status
• The death of Miltiades after a failed attack on Paros and the successful taking of Lemnos

Erato - Oak panel, Simon Vouet Erato (lovely) was a Greek Muse, represented with a lyre. ... 1881 Young Persons Cyclopedia of Persons and Places This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... 1881 Young Persons Cyclopedia of Persons and Places This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Miltiades Miltiades (c. ... Histiaeus (died 494 BC), the son of Lysagoras, was the tyrant of Miletus in the late 6th century BC. Histiaeus owed his status as tyrant to Darius I, king of Persia, who had subjugated Miletus and the other Ionian states in Asia Minor. ... Chios (Greek: Χίος; Turkish: Sakız Adası; alternative transliterations Khios and Hios, see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea 5 miles off the Turkish coasts. ... Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ... Several people in history have been known by the name Dionysius: Dionysius of Syracuse, a tyrant Dionysius the Elder, a Greek mythological figure Dionysius the Areopagite, a citizen of Corinth who was converted by Paul of Tarsus Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, identified by some with a Georgian theologist Peter the... Samos (Greek Σάμος) is a Greek island in the Eastern Aegean Sea, located between the island of Chios to the North and the archipelagic complex of the Dodecanese islands to the South and in particular the island of Patmos and off the coast of Turkey, on what was formely known as... Harpagus was a Median general in the 6th century BC. A courtier to Astyages, he is called the kingmaker for his defection to Cyrus II (Cyrus the Great), and, as such, is credited with having put Cyrus II on the throne. ... Mardonius was a Persian commander during the Persian Wars with Greece in the 5th century BC. He was the son of Gobryas and the son-in-law of Darius I of Persia, whose daughter Artozostra he had married. ... Macedons regions and towns Macedon or Macedonia (from Greek ; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was the name of an ancient kingdom in the northern-most part of ancient Greece, bordering the kingdom of Epirus on the west and the region of Thrace to the east. ... Athos can mean: Athos – the Holy Mount Athos, one of the title characters in the novel The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas Athos, in Greek mythology, one of the Gigantes Mount Athos, a mountain and peninsula in Greece containing an ancient monastic state New Athos, a mountain and monastery in... Aegina (Greek: Αίγινα Egina) is one of the Saronic Islands of Greece in the Saronic Gulf, 31 miles (50 km) from Athens. ... Cleomenes (Greek Κλεομένης, d. ... Demaratus, king of Sparta from 515 until 491 BC of the Eurypontid line, successor to his father Ariston. ... Leotychidas [Leotychides] (c. ... Argos (Greek: Άργος, Árgos, IPA argos) is a city in Greece in the Peloponnese near Nafplio, which was its historic harbor, named for Nauplius. ... This is an article about the Greek city of Eretria. ... Pheidippides (Greek: Φειδιππιδης, sometimes given as Phidippides or Philippides), hero of Ancient Greece, is the central figure in a myth which was the inspiration for the modern sporting event, the marathon. ... It has been suggested that Pane (mythology) be merged into this article or section. ... Plataea is an ancient city, located in Greece in southeastern Boeotia, south of Thebes. ... Combatants Athens and Plataea Persia Commanders Miltiades, Callimachus† Darius I of Persia, Artaphernes Strength About 10,000 Athenians and 1,000 Plataeans 20,000-60,000 by modern estimates 1 Casualties 192 Athenians and 11 Plateans dead 6,400 dead, 7 ships captured 1 Ancient sources give numbers ranging from... Miltiades Miltiades (c. ... The term strategos (Greek στρατηγός) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... The Alcmaeonidae or Alcmaeonids were a powerful noble family of ancient Athens who claimed descent from the mythological Alcmaeon, the grandson of Nestor. ... Paros, or Paro (Greek: Πάρος), is an island of Greece in the Aegean Sea, one of the largest of the group of the Cyclades. ... Lemnos (mod. ...

Book VII (Polymnia)

Leonidas at Thermopylae, by Jacques-Louis David (1814)

• The amassing of an army by Darius after learning about the defeat at Marathon
• The quarrel between which son should succeed Darius in which Xerxes I of Persia is chosen
• The death of Darius in 486 BC
• The defeat of the Egyptian rebels by Xerxes
• The advice given to Xerxes on invading Greece: Mardonius for invasion, Artabanus against
• The dreams of Xerxes in which a phantom frightens him and Artabanus into choosing invasion
• The preparations for war, including a canal and bridge across the Hellespont
• The offer by Pythius to give Xerxes all his money, in which Xerxes rewards him
• The request by Pythius to allow one son to stay at home, Xerxes' anger, and the march out between the butchered halves of Pythius's son
• The destruction and rebuilding of the bridges built by the Egyptians and Phoenicians at Abydos
• The siding with Persia of many Greek states, including Thessaly, Thebes, Melia, and Argos
• The refusal of aid after negotiations by Gelo of Syracuse, and the refusal from Crete
• The destruction of 400 Persian ships due to a storm
• The small Greek force (appox. 6000) led by Leonidas I, sent to Thermopylae to delay the Persian army (approx. 3.4 million)
• The Battle of Thermopylae in which the Greeks hold the pass for 3 days
• The secret pass divulged by Ephialtes in which Hydarnes uses to lead forces around the mountains to encircle the Greeks
• The retreat of all but the Spartans, Thespians, and Thebans (forced to stay by the Spartans).
• The Greek defeat and order by Xerxes to remove Leonidas' head and attach his torso to a cross

Polyhymnia, section of Roman mosaic, 240 A.D Polyhymnia by Francesco del Cossa, 1455-1460. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x1508, 308 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Jacques-Louis David Leonidas I Battle of Thermopylae La Grande Armée Histories (Herodotus) User:Markaci/Nudity ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x1508, 308 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Jacques-Louis David Leonidas I Battle of Thermopylae La Grande Armée Histories (Herodotus) User:Markaci/Nudity ... Leonidas at Thermopylae, by Jacques-Louis David (1814) Leonidas (Greek: Λεωνίδας) was a king of Sparta, the 17th of the Agiad line. ... Thermopylae - thurMAH-puh-ly, thuhr-MOP-uh-lee (Ancient & Katharevousa Greek Θερμοπύλαι, Demotic Θερμοπύλες) is a mountain pass in Greece. ... Self portrait of Jacques-Louis David (1794). ... Darius I of Persia Darius the Great (Darayawush I) (ca. ... Combatants Athens and Plataea Persia Commanders Miltiades, Callimachus† Darius I of Persia, Artaphernes Strength About 10,000 Athenians and 1,000 Plataeans 20,000-60,000 by modern estimates 1 Casualties 192 Athenians and 11 Plateans dead 6,400 dead, 7 ships captured 1 Ancient sources give numbers ranging from... A Griffin emblem, one of the symbols of the Persian Empire, from the palace of Persepolis Xerxes I (Persian: خشایارشاه, Khashâyâr Shâh), was a Persian Emperor (Shahanshah) (reigned 485 - 465 BC) of the Achaemenid dynasty. ... Centuries: 6th century BCE - 5th century BCE - 4th century BCE Decades: 530s BCE 520s BCE 510s BCE 500s BCE 490s BCE - 480s BCE - 470s BCE 460s BCE 450s BCE 420s BCE 430s BCE Years: 491 BCE 490 BCE 489 BCE 488 BCE 487 BCE - 486 BCE - 485 BCE 484 BCE... Mardonius was a Persian commander during the Persian Wars with Greece in the 5th century BC. He was the son of Gobryas and the son-in-law of Darius I of Persia, whose daughter Artozostra he had married. ... Artabanus the Hyrcanian is an obscure historical figure who was reportedly Regent of Persia for a few months (465 BC - 464 BC). ... Hellespont (i. ... Pythius is a Lydian who’s mentioned in book vii of Herodotus Histories, 27-29 and 38-39. ... Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal plains of what is now Lebanon. ... Abydos, an ancient city of Mysia, in Asia Minor, situated at Nagara Point on the Hellespont, which is here scarcely a mile broad. ... Map showing Thessaly periphery in Greece Thessaly (Θεσσαλια; modern Greek Thessalía; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is one of the 13 peripheries of Greece, and is further sub-divided into 4 prefectures. ... Thebes (in modern Greek: Θήβα — Thíva, in ancient Greek and Katharevousa: — ThÄ“bai or Thívai) is a city in Greece, situated to the north of the Cithaeron range, which divides Boeotia from Attica, and on the southern edge of the Boeotian plain. ... Argos (Greek: Άργος, Árgos, IPA argos) is a city in Greece in the Peloponnese near Nafplio, which was its historic harbor, named for Nauplius. ... Gelo (d. ... Syracuse (Italian, Siracusa, ancient Syracusa - see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a city on the eastern coast of Sicily and the capital of the province of Syracuse, Italy. ... Crete (Greek: Κρήτη Kríti; Turkish: Girit) is the largest of the Greek islands and the fifth largest in the Mediterranean Sea. ... Leonidas at Thermopylae, by Jacques-Louis David (1814) Leonidas (Greek: Λεωνίδας) was a king of Sparta, the 17th of the Agiad line. ... Thermopylae - thurMAH-puh-ly, thuhr-MOP-uh-lee (Ancient & Katharevousa Greek Θερμοπύλαι, Demotic Θερμοπύλες) is a mountain pass in Greece. ... Combatants Greek-city states Persia Commanders Leonidas I of Sparta † Xerxes I of Persia Strength 300 Spartans 700 Thespians 6,000 other Greek allies 2 200,000-1,700,0001 Casualties 300 Spartans and 700 Thespians; nearly 1,500 Greeks in total Modern estimates ~ 20,000 1Herodotus claims that the... See the Aloadae article for information about the giant Ephialtes of Greek mythology For Ephialtes, the prominent Athenian politician see Ephialtes of Athens Ephialtes (Greek: ) was the son of Eurydemus of Malis. ... Hydarnes son of Hydarnes was an eminent Persian, the commander of the Ten Thousand Immortals during the time of the Persian Wars with Greece. ... Thespiae was an ancient Greek city in Boeotia. ...

Book VIII (Urania)

A Greek trireme

• Greek fleet is led by Eurybiades, a Spartan
• The destruction by storm of two hundred ships sent to block the Greeks from escaping
• The retreat of the Greek fleet after word of a defeat at Thermopylae
• The supernatural rescue of Delphi from a Persian attack
• The evacuation of Athens assisted by the fleet
• The reinforcement of the Greek fleet at Salamis, bringing the total ships to 378
• The destruction of Athens by the Persian land force after difficulties with those who remained
• The Battle of Salamis, the Greeks have the advantage due to better organization, and less loss due to ability to swim
• The description of the Angarum, the Persian riding post
• The rise in favor of Artemisia, the Persian woman commander, and her council to Xerxes in favor returning to Persia
• The vengeance of Hermotimus, Xerxes' chief eunuch, against Panionius
• The attack on Andros by Themistocles, the Athenian fleet commander and most valiant of Greek at Salamis
• The escape of Xerxes and leaving behind of 300,000 picked troops under Mardonius in Thessaly
• The ancestry of Alexander I of Macedon, including Perdiccas
• The refusal of an attempt by Alexander to seek a Persian alliance with Athens

Simon Vouet, The Muses Urania and Calliope, c. ... Greek Trireme Source: US Military: This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Greek Trireme Source: US Military: This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... A Greek trireme A Roman trireme Triremes were ancient war galleys with three rows of oars on each side. ... Eurybiades was the Spartan commander in charge of the Greek navy during the Persian Wars. ... Combatants Greek-city states Persia Commanders Leonidas I of Sparta † Xerxes I of Persia Strength 300 Spartans 700 Thespians 6,000 other Greek allies 2 200,000-1,700,0001 Casualties 300 Spartans and 700 Thespians; nearly 1,500 Greeks in total Modern estimates ~ 20,000 1Herodotus claims that the... The amphitheatre, seen from above. ... Athens (Greek: Αθήνα, Athína IPA: ) is the capital and the largest city of Greece. ... Salamis may refer to Salamis Island in the Saronic Gulf of the Aegean Sea, near Athens, Greece, where the Battle of Salamis was fought in 480 B.C.. Salamis, Cyprus, an ancient city on the east coast of Cyprus. ... Combatants Greek city-states Persia Halicarnassus Commanders Eurybiades of Sparta Themistocles of Athens Adeimantus of Corinth Aristides of Athens Xerxes I of Persia Ariamenes † Artemisia Strength 366-380 ships 1 1000 - 1207 ships [1]2 Casualties 40 ships 200-500 ships 1 Herodotus gives 378 of the alliance, but the... Artemisia was the name of two queens of Halicarnassus in the 5th century BC and 4th century BC. The first Artemisia was the daughter of Lygdamis and was set up as the tyrant of Halicarnassus by the Persians, who were at the time the overlords of Ionia, after the death... A eunuch can be either a castrated man or, in ancient terms, any man who is impotent with women for a wide variety of reasons. ... Andros, or Andro (Greek: )Άνδρος, an island of the Greek archipelago, the most northerly of the Cyclades, approximately 10 km (6 miles) south east of Euboea, and about 3 km (about 2 miles) north of Tinos. ... Themistocles (ca. ... Mardonius was a Persian commander during the Persian Wars with Greece in the 5th century BC. He was the son of Gobryas and the son-in-law of Darius I of Persia, whose daughter Artozostra he had married. ... Map showing Thessaly periphery in Greece Thessaly (Θεσσαλια; modern Greek Thessalía; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is one of the 13 peripheries of Greece, and is further sub-divided into 4 prefectures. ... Alexander I was ruler of Macedon from 495 BC to 450 BC. He was the son of Amyntas I of Macedon. ... Perdiccas I was king of Macedonia from about 700 BC to about 678 BC. Categories: People stubs | Macedonian monarchs ...

Book IX (Calliope)

• The second taking of an evacuated Athens
• The evacuation to Thebes by Mardonius after the sending of Lacedaemonian troops
• The slaying of Masistius, leader of the Persian cavalry, by the Athenians
• The warning from Alexander to the Greeks of an impending attack
• The death of Mardonius by Aeimnestus
• The Persian retreat to Thebes where they are afterwards slaughtered
• The description and dividing of the spoils
• The speedy escape of Artabazus into Asia.
• The Persian defeat in Ionia by the Greek fleet, and the Ionian revolt
• The mutilation of the wife of Masistes ordered by Amestris, wife of Xerxes
• The death of Masistes after his intent to rebel
• The Athenian blockade of Sestos and the capture of Artayctes

Detail of painting The Muses Urania and Calliope by Simon Vouet, in which she is supposedly holding a copy of The Odyssey In Greek mythology, Calliope (Greek: Καλλιoπη, beautiful-voiced) was the muse of epic poetry, daughter of Zeus and Mnemosyne, and is now best known as Homers muse... Athens (Greek: Αθήνα, Athína IPA: ) is the capital and the largest city of Greece. ... Two important places in antiquity were called Thebes: Thebes, Greece – Thebes of the Seven Gates; one-time capital of Boeotia. ... Mardonius was a Persian commander during the Persian Wars with Greece in the 5th century BC. He was the son of Gobryas and the son-in-law of Darius I of Persia, whose daughter Artozostra he had married. ... Laconia (Λακωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names), also known as Lacedaemonia, was in ancient Greece the portion of the Peloponnese of which the most important city was Sparta. ... Alexander I was ruler of Macedon from 495 BC to 450 BC. He was the son of Amyntas I of Macedon. ... Aeimnestus was a Spartan Soldier, famous because he killed the leader Mardonius. ... Artabazus was the name of two satraps of Hellespontine Phrygia (now northwest Turkey), under the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia. ... Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ... Insert non-formatted text here:This article is about the wife of Xerxes. ... Sestos was an ancient town of the Thracian Chersonese, the modern Gallipoli peninsula in European Turkey. ...

See also

• Pharaoh, a historical novel by Bolesław Prus incorporating the Labyrinth scenes inspired by Herodotus' description in Book II of The Histories

Pharaoh (Polish: Faraon) is the fourth and last of the major novels by Bolesław Prus. ... A historical novel is a novel in which the story is set among historical events, or more generally, in which the time of the action predates the lifetime of the author. ... Bolesław Prus Bolesław Prus (pronounced: [bɔlεswaf prus]; August 20, 1847 – May 19, 1912), born Aleksander Głowacki, was a Polish journalist, short-story writer, and novelist. ... A Roman mosaic showing Theseus and the Minotaur. ...

Translations

• George Rawlinson, 1858: full text
• George Campbell Macaulay, 1904: full text, vol. 1, full text, vol. 2
• Alfred Denis Godley, 1921: full text
• Aubrey de Sélincourt, 1954 excerpts
• Harry Carter, 1958
• David Grene, 1985
• Walter Blanco and Jennifer Tolbert Roberts, 1992
• Robin Waterfield, 1998