Bristol
View from Cumberland Basin of the Clifton Suspension Bridge and the Avon Gorge
Coat of Arms of the City Council
Coordinates: 51°27′N 2°35′W / 51.45, -2.583
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Constituent country	England
Region	South West England
Ceremonial county Historic counties	Bristol County corporate (Gloucestershire and Somerset) Avon
Admin HQ	Bristol
Royal Charter	1155
County status	1373
Government
- Type	Unitary authority, City
- Governing body	Bristol City Council
- Leadership	Leader & Cabinet
- Executive	Labour
- MPs	Roger Berry (L) Kerry McCarthy (L) Doug Naysmith (L)/(Co-op) Dawn Primarolo (L) Bristol most commonly refers to the city of Bristol in England. ... The Clifton Suspension Bridge, spanning the Avon Gorge in Bristol. ... The Cumberland Basin is an area in the city of Bristol, England. ... The Clifton Suspension Bridge is a suspension bridge, spanning the Avon Gorge and linking Clifton in Bristol to Leigh Woods in North Somerset, England. ... The Avon Gorge and Clifton Suspension Bridge, looking south from the Downs The Avon Gorge (Grid reference ST560743) is a 2. ... Image File history File links EnglandBristol. ... // Constituent country is a phrase used, often by official institutions, in contexts in which a historical, currently non-legally officially recognised country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... The region, also known as Government Office Region, is currently the highest tier of local government subnational entity of England in the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the region. ... The Ceremonial counties of England are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government with reference to the metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England. ... The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. ... A county corporate or corporate county was a form of local government in England and Wales. ... Gloucestershire (pronounced ; GLOSS-ter-sher) is a county in South West England. ... This article is about the county of Somerset in England. ... Northavon Bristol Kingswood Woodspring Wansdyke Bath The County of Avon was a short-lived administrative county in the west of England, named after the River Avon which ran through it. ... Events Frederick I Barbarossa crowned Holy Roman Emperor. ... Events Bristol is made an independent county. ... A unitary authority is a type of local authority, which has a single tier and is responsible for all local government functions within its area. ... Cathedral city redirects here. ... The city of Bristol, England, is a unitary authority, represented by four Members of Parliament. ... The United Kingdom is divided into four parts, England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. ... The Labour Party is a political party in the United Kingdom. ... This is a list of MPs elected in the UK general election, 2005 to the House of Commons for the Fifty-Fourth Parliament of the United Kingdom at the United Kingdom general election, 2005, arranged by constituency. ... Dr Roger Leslie Berry (born July 4, 1948, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire) is a British politician, and Labour member of Parliament for Kingswood. ... The Labour Party is a political party in the United Kingdom. ... Kerry McCarthy (born 26 March 1965) is a British politician who was elected Labour Member of Parliament for Bristol East in the 2005 general election. ... John Douglas Naysmith (born April 1, 1941) is the Labour and Co-operative member of Parliament for Bristol North West. ... This article is about the British political party. ... The Right Honourable Dawn Primarolo (born May 2, 1954, London, Mrs Ian Ducat) is a British Member of Parliament for Bristol South. ... Stephen Williams (LD)
Area
- Unitary & City	42.5 sq mi (110 km²)
Elevation [1]	36 ft (11 m)
Population (2006 est.)
- Unitary & City	410,500 (Ranked 43rd)
- Density	9,425/sq mi (3,639/km²)
- Urban	441,556
- Metro	551,066
- Ethnicity	89.3% White 3.9% S. Asian 2.8% Black 2.2% Mixed Race 1.8% E. Asian or Other
Time zone	GMT (UTC0)
Postcode	BS
Area code(s)	0117
ISO 3166-2	GB-BST
ONS code	00HB
OS grid reference	ST5946972550
NUTS 3	UKK11
Website: www.bristol.gov.uk/

Bristol (pronunciation (help·info); pronounced /ˈbrɪstəl/) is a city, unitary authority and ceremonial county in South West England, 105 miles (169 km) west of London, and 44 miles (71 km) east of Cardiff. Stephen Roy Williams (born 11 October 1966) is a British Liberal Democrat politician who was elected Member of Parliament for Bristol West in the 2005 election. ... The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal political party based in the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... A unitary authority is a type of local authority, which has a single tier and is responsible for all local government functions within its area. ... Cathedral city redirects here. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... To help compare different orders of magnitude and geographical regions, we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... A unitary authority is a type of local authority, which has a single tier and is responsible for all local government functions within its area. ... Cathedral city redirects here. ... This is a List of Ceremonial counties of England by Population - 2002 mid-year estimates from the Office for National Statistics, unrounded figures published by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister in the Entitlement Notification Reports for Revenue Support Grants [1]. See also: List of Administrative shire counties of... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Cities with at least a million inhabitants in 2006 An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... // Greenwich Mean Time Western European Time Burkina Faso Bouvet Island Côte dIvoire The Gambia Ghana Greenland northeastern Danmarkshavn and surrounding area Guinea Guinea-Bissau Iceland Liberia Mali Mauritania Morocco Saint Helena (including Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha) São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal Sierra Leone Togo... A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating telephone number ranges to countries, regions, areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks such as mobile phone networks. ... The ISO 3166-2 codes for the United Kingdom correspond to the nations administrative divisions. ... The Office for National Statistics coding system is a hierarchical code used in the United Kingdom for tabulating census and other statistical data. ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) is a geocode standard for referencing the administrative division of countries for statistical purposes. ... Cathedral city redirects here. ... A unitary authority is a type of local authority, which has a single tier and is responsible for all local government functions within its area. ... The Ceremonial counties of England are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government with reference to the metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England. ... This article is about the region. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... “Miles” redirects here. ... “km” redirects here. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the capital city of Wales. ...

With an approximate population of 410,950, and urban area of 550,200, it is England's sixth, and the United Kingdom's ninth most populous city, one of England's core cities and the most populous city in South West England. It received a royal charter in 1155 and was granted county status in 1373. For half a millennium it was the second or third largest English city, until the rapid rise of Liverpool, Birmingham and Manchester in the Industrial Revolution in the later part of the 18th century. It borders on the Counties of Somerset, and Gloucestershire, between the cities of Bath, Gloucester and Newport, and has a short coastline on the estuary of the River Severn, which flows into the Bristol Channel. Cities with at least a million inhabitants in 2006 An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... The English Core Cities Group is an association of eight large regional cities in England: Birmingham, Bristol, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nottingham and Sheffield. ... For the ship of the same name, see Royal Charter (ship). ... Events Frederick I Barbarossa crowned Holy Roman Emperor. ... For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ... This article is about the British city. ... This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ... A Watt steam engine, the steam engine that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... The Ceremonial counties of England are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government with reference to administrative counties of England. ... This article is about the county of Somerset in England. ... Gloucestershire (pronounced ; GLOSS-ter-sher) is a county in South West England. ... , Bath is a small city in Somerset, England most famous for its historic baths fed by three hot springs. ... This article is about the city of Gloucester in England; for other uses see Gloucester (disambiguation). ... This article is about the city of Newport in Wales. ... Severn redirects here. ... Satellite view of the Bristol Channel Map of the Bristol Channel The Bristol Channel (Welsh: ) is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales from the West Country and extending from the lower estuary of the River Severn (Afon Hafren) to that part of the North...

Bristol is one of the centres of culture, employment and education in the region. From its earliest days, its prosperity has been linked to that of the Port of Bristol, the commercial port, which was in the city centre but has now moved to the Severn estuary coast at Avonmouth and Portbury. In more recent years the economy has been built on the aerospace industry, and the city centre docks have been regenerated as a centre of heritage and culture.^[2] St Augustines Reach and Peros Bridge, during the 2004 Harbour Festival. ... For other uses, see Port (disambiguation). ... Categories: Stub | Bristol | Ports and harbours of the UK ... Portbury is a village in North Somerset. ... Look up aerospace in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Boundaries

There are a number of different ways in which Bristol's boundaries are defined, depending on whether the boundaries attempt to define the city, the built-up area, or the wider "Greater Bristol". The narrowest definition of the city is the city council boundary; although this definition does include a large portion of the Severn Estuary, west as far as the islands of Steep Holm and Flat Holm.^[3] A slightly less narrow definition is used by the Office for National Statistics; this includes built-up areas which adjoin Bristol but are not within the city council boundary, such as Whitchurch village, Filton, Patchway, Bradley Stoke, and excludes non-built-up areas within the city council boundary.^[4] The ONS has also defined an area which it calls the "Bristol Urban Area" which includes Kingswood, Mangotsfield, Stoke Gifford, Winterbourne, Frampton Cotterell, Almondsbury and Easton-in-Gordano.^[5] The term "Greater Bristol" (used for example by the Government Office of the South West ^[6] is most usually used to refer to the area covered by the city and its three neighbouring local authorities Greater Bristol is the conurbation surrounding the city of Bristol in the South West of England. ... The city of Bristol, England, is a unitary authority, represented by four Members of Parliament. ... The location of the Bristol Channel The Severn Bridge and Bristol Channel, looking northwestward from England towards Wales The Bristol Channel coast at Ilfracombe, North Devon, looking west towards Lee Bay The Bristol Channel is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales from South West... Steep Holm (grid reference ST228607) is a 48. ... Flat Holm (Welsh: Ynys Echni) is a Welsh island lying in the Bristol Channel approximately 3. ... Office for National Statistics logo The Office for National Statistics (ONS) is the United Kingdom government executive agency charged with the collection and publication of statistics related to the economy, population and society of the United Kingdom at national and local levels. ... Whitchurch is a suburb of south eastern Bristol, England, bounded by Hartcliffe to the west and Hengrove and Knowle to the north. ... Filton is a town in South Gloucestershire, England, on the northern outskirts of the city of Bristol, about 4. ... The Mall, an out-of-town shopping centre at Patchway. ... Bradley Stoke is an extensive housing estate in South Gloucestershire, England. ... Kingswood is a town in South Gloucestershire, England; it is on the eastern outskirts of Bristol (see below). ... Rodway Hill, Mangotsfield. ... Stoke Gifford is a large village in South Gloucestershire, south of Bradley Stoke in the northern suburbs of Bristol. ... Winterbourne is a large village in South Gloucestershire on the outskirts of the English city of Bristol. ... Frampton Cotterell is a village in South Gloucestershire, England. ... Location within the British Isles Almondsbury is a large village near junction 16 of the M5 motorway, in South Gloucestershire, England. ... Easton-in-Gordano is an English parish in the hundred of Portbury, in the county of Somerset, seven miles northwest of Bristol. ...

History

Main article: History of Bristol

60,000-year-old archaeological finds at Shirehampton and St Annes provide evidence of settlement in the Bristol area from the palaeolithic era.^[7] There are Iron Age hill forts near the city, at Leigh Woods and Clifton Down on the side of the Avon Gorge, and on Kingsweston Hill, near Henbury.^[8]. During the Roman era there was a settlement, Abona, at what is now Sea Mills, connected to Bath by Roman road, and another settlement at what is now Inns Court. There were also isolated Roman villas and small Roman forts and settlements throughout the area.^[9] The town of Bristol (Brycgstow, Old English, the place at the bridge) was in existence by the beginning of the 11th Century, and under Norman rule acquired one of the strongest castles in southern England. ... Archaeology or sometimes in American English archeology (from the Greek words αρχαίος = ancient and λόγος = word/speech) is the study of human cultures through the recovery, documentation and analysis of material remains, including architecture, artefacts, biofacts, human remains, and landscapes. ... Shirehampton is a village near Avonmouth, at the edge of Bristol, England. ... St Annes is a suburb in the City of Bristol, England. ... The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic – lit. ... Iron Age Axe found on Gotland This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age, for the mythological Iron Age see Iron Age (mythology). ... A hill fort is a fortified refuge or defended settlement, located to exploit a rise in elevation for military advantage. ... One of the quarries, seen from The Downs. ... Categories: Stub | Bristol ... The Avon Gorge and Clifton Suspension Bridge, looking south from the Downs The Avon Gorge (Grid reference ST560743) is a 2. ... Kingsweston Hill (grid reference ST556781) is the site of an Iron Age hill fort near Henbury, Bristol. ... Henbury Church There is also a Henbury crater in Australia. ... Roman Britain refers to those parts of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between 43 and 410. ... Sea Mills is a suburb of the English port city of Bristol. ... , Bath is a small city in Somerset, England most famous for its historic baths fed by three hot springs. ... Not to be confused with Romans road. ... A Roman villa is a villa that was built or lived in during the Roman Empire. ... Basic ideal plan of a Roman castrum. ...

The town of Brycgstow (Old English, "the place at the bridge"^[10]) was in existence by the beginning of the 11th century, and under Norman rule acquired one of the strongest castles in southern England.^[11] Old English redirects here. ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... Norman conquests in red. ... Bristol Castle refers to the remains of an 11th or 12th century motte and bailey castle, with curtain walls and a great keep dating from 1140. ...

Bristol Bridge seen across the Harbour

The River Avon in the city centre has evolved into Bristol Harbour, and from the 12th century the harbour was an important port, handling much of England's trade with Ireland. In 1247 a new bridge was built, which was replaced by the current Bristol Bridge in the 1760s,^[12] and the town was extended to incorporate neighbouring suburbs, becoming in 1373 a county in its own right.^[13] During this period Bristol also became a centre of shipbuilding and manufacturing. Bristol was the starting point for many important voyages, notably John Cabot's 1497 voyage of exploration to North America. Bristol Bridge seen across the Harbour. ... Bristol Bridge seen across the Harbour. ... View of Bristol Bridge across the harbour from Welsh Back. ... The Avon Gorge and Clifton Suspension Bridge The River Avon is a river in the south west of England. ... The central area of the city of Bristol, South West England, is the area south of the central ring road and north of the Floating Harbour, bordered north by St Pauls and Easton, east by Temple Meads and Redcliffe, and west by Clifton and Canons Marsh. ... St Augustines Reach and Peros Bridge, during the 2004 Harbour Festival. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... View of Bristol Bridge across the harbour from Welsh Back. ... A county corporate or corporate county was a form of local government in England and Wales. ... Giovanni Caboto (c. ... North American redirects here. ...

The west front of Bristol Cathedral

By the 14th century Bristol was England's third-largest medieval town (after London and York), with perhaps 15,000–20,000 inhabitants on the eve of the Black Death of 1348–49.^[14] The Plague inflicted a prolonged pause in the growth of Bristol's population, with numbers remaining at 10,000–12,000 through most of the 15th and 16th centuries. The Diocese of Bristol was founded in 1542,^[15] with the former Abbey of St. Augustine becoming Bristol Cathedral. Traditionally this is equivalent to the town being granted city status. During the 1640s Civil War the city was occupied by Royalist military, after they overran Royal Fort, the last Parliamentarian stronghold in the city.^[16] Download high resolution version (1500x1036, 570 KB) Bristol Cathedral West Front. ... Download high resolution version (1500x1036, 570 KB) Bristol Cathedral West Front. ... This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see York (disambiguation). ... This article concerns the mid fourteenth century pandemic. ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... The Diocese of Bristol is a Church of England diocese based in Bristol, also covering South Gloucestershire and parts of north Wiltshire to Swindon. ... Bold textTHIS IS THE PAGE THAT A.S. REALLY NEEDS!! THIS IS NOW MARKED!!! ] ps i like A.O. This article is about an abbey as a Christian monastic community. ... Augustine is the name of two important Saints: Augustine of Hippo (354-430) -- philosopher and theologian, author of The City of God, Confessions Augustine of Canterbury (d. ... The Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity is the Anglican cathedral in the English city of Bristol and is commonly known as Bristol Cathedral. ... Cathedral city redirects here. ... For other uses, see English Civil War (disambiguation). ... The Royal Fort (grid reference ST580734) is a historic house in Tyndalls Park, Bristol. ...

Renewed growth came with the 17th century rise of England's American colonies and the rapid 18th century expansion of England's part in the Atlantic trade in Africans taken for slavery in the Americas. Bristol, along with Liverpool, became a centre for the slave trade although few slaves were brought to Britain. During the height of the slave trade, from 1700 to 1807, more than 2,000 slaving ships were fitted out at Bristol, carrying a (conservatively) estimated half a million people from Africa to the Americas and slavery.^[17] Still standing in Bristol is the Seven Stars pub, where abolitionist Thomas Clarkson collected information regarding the slave trade. (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Betsy Ross purportedly sewed the first American flag with 13 stars and 13 stripes representing each of the 13 colonies. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... The Atlantic slave trade, also known as the transatlantic slave trade, was the trade of African people supplied to the colonies of the New World that occurred in and around the Atlantic Ocean. ... Slave redirects here. ... World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas in an equal-area projection The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the continents of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ... This article is about the abolition of slavery. ... Thomas Clarkson by Carl Frederik von Breda Thomas Clarkson (28 March 1760 – 26 September 1846), abolitionist, was born at Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, England, and became a leading campaigner against the slave trade in the British Empire. ...

An 1873 engraving showing sights in and around Bristol

Fishermen who left Bristol were long part of the migratory fishery to the Grand Banks of Newfoundland and began settling that island permanently in larger numbers around this time. Bristol's strong nautical ties meant that maritime safety was an important issue in the city, in the 19th century Samuel Plimsoll, "the sailor's friend", campaigned to make the seas safer. He was shocked by the overloaded cargoes and successfully fought for a compulsory load line on ships. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 417 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2922 × 4200 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 417 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2922 × 4200 pixel, file size: 2. ... Map showing the Grand Banks Historic map of the Grand Banks. ... Newfoundland —   IPA: [nuw fÉ™n lænd] (French: , Irish: ) is a large island off the east coast of North America, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Memorial to Samuel Plimsoll on Victoria Embankment London Samuel Plimsoll (10 February 1824 – 3 June 1898) was a British politician and social reformer, now best remembered for having devised the Plimsoll line. ... Waterline refers to an imaginary line marking the level at which ship or boat floats in the water. ...

Competition from Liverpool from c. 1760, the disruption of maritime commerce through wars with France (1793) and the abolition of the slave trade (1807) contributed to the city's failure to keep pace with the newer manufacturing centres of the North of England and the West Midlands. The passage up the heavily tidal Avon Gorge, which had made the port highly secure during the Middle Ages, had become a liability which the construction of a new "Floating Harbour" (designed by William Jessop) in 1804–9 failed to overcome. Nevertheless, Bristol's population (66,000 in 1801) quintupled during the 19th century, supported by new industries and growing commerce.^[18] It was particularly associated with the Victorian era engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel, who designed the Great Western Railway between Bristol and London Paddington, two pioneering Bristol-built ocean going steamships, the SS Great Britain and SS Great Western, and the Clifton Suspension Bridge. John Wesley founded the very first Methodist Chapel, called the New Room, in Bristol in 1739. Riots occurred in 1793 and 1831, the first beginning as a protest at renewal of an act levying tolls on Bristol Bridge, and the latter after the rejection of the second Reform Bill. For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ... The North of England , also the North country or simply The North, is a term which strictly refers to any part of Northern England north of a line from the Humber to the Dee estuaries. ... The West Midlands is an official Region of England, covering the western half of the Midlands. ... This article is about tides in the ocean. ... The Avon Gorge and Clifton Suspension Bridge, looking south from the Downs The Avon Gorge (Grid reference ST560743) is a 2. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... St Augustines Reach and Peros Bridge, during the 2004 Harbour Festival. ... William Jessop (23 January 1745 - 18 November 1814) was a noted English civil engineer, particularly famed for his work on canals, harbours and early railways in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. ... The Victorian era of the United Kingdom marked the height of the British Industrial Revolution and the apex of the British Empire. ... Look up engineer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Isambard Kingdom Brunel, FRS (9 April 1806 – 15 September 1859) (IPA: ), was a British engineer. ... The original Bristol Temple Meads station, first terminus of the GWR, is the building to the left of this picture The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a British railway company, linking South West England, the West Country and South Wales with London. ... Paddington station or London Paddington is the name of a major railway station in the Paddington area of London, which is the London terminus for long distance trains to the West of England and South Wales and some West London commuter services. ... Paddle steamers - Lucerne-Switzerland Left: original paddlewheel from a paddle steamer on the lake of Lucerne. ... ss Great Britain was the first ocean-going ship to have an iron hull and a screw propeller and, when launched in 1843, was the largest vessel afloat. ... The Great Western in New York Harbor. ... The Clifton Suspension Bridge is a suspension bridge, spanning the Avon Gorge and linking Clifton in Bristol to Leigh Woods in North Somerset, England. ... For other persons named John Wesley, see John Wesley (disambiguation). ... The Methodist movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity. ... The New Room (grid reference ST592733) is a historic building in Broadmead, Bristol, England. ... There have been a number of significant riots in the city of Bristol in England. ... The word toll has several meanings. ... The Representation of the People Act 1832, commonly known as the Reform Act 1832, was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of the United Kingdom. ...

A map of Bristol from 1946

Bristol's city centre suffered severe damage from Luftwaffe bombing during the Bristol Blitz of World War II. The original central shopping area, near the bridge and castle, is now a park containing two bombed out churches and some tiny fragments of the castle. A third bombed church nearby, St Nicholas, has been restored and has been made into a museum which houses a triptych by William Hogarth, painted for the high altar of St Mary Redcliffe in 1756. The museum also contains statues moved from Arno's Court Triumphal Arch, of King Edward I and King Edward III taken from Lawfords' Gate of the city walls when they were demolished around 1760 and 13th century figures from Bristol's Newgate representing Robert, the builder of Bristol Castle, and Geoffrey de Montbray, Bishop of Coutances, builder of the fortified walls of the city.^[19]   (German IPA: ) is a generic German term for an air force. ... Bristol was the fifth most heavily bombed city of World War II. // [edit] First Raid Hitler claimed that Bristol had been completely destroyed in a night raid on November 2, 1940 in which 5000 incendiary and 10. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... St Nicholas is a church in St Nicholas Street, Bristol, England. ... The Raising of the Cross, Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekathedraal, Antwerp A triptych (from the Greek tri- three + ptychÄ“ fold) is a work of art (usually a panel painting) which is divided into three sections, or three carved panels which are hinged together. ... William Hogarth (November 10, 1697 – October 26, 1764) was a major English painter, printmaker, pictorial satirist, and editorial cartoonist who has been credited as a pioneer in western sequential art. ... St. ... Arnos Court Triumphal Arch (grid reference ST611717) is in Junction Rd, Brislington, Bristol, England. ... Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), popularly known as Longshanks[1], also as Edward the Lawgiver or the English Justinian because of his legal reforms, and as Hammer of the Scots,[2] achieved fame as the monarch who conquered Wales and tried to do the same to Scotland. ... Edward III King of England Edward III (13 November 1312–21 June 1377) was one of the most successful English Kings of medieval times. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... Bristol Castle refers to the remains of an 11th or 12th century motte and bailey castle, with curtain walls and a great keep dating from 1140. ... Geoffrey de Montbray (d. ...

The rebuilding of Bristol city centre was characterised by large, cheap 1960s tower blocks, brutalist architecture and expansion of roads. Since the 1980s another trend has emerged with the closure of some main roads, the restoration of the Georgian period Queen Square and Portland Square, the demolition and rebuilding of the Broadmead Shopping Centre (at 2007 in progress) and the demolition of the city centre's tallest post-war blocks.^[20] The central area of the city of Bristol, South West England, is the area south of the central ring road and north of the Floating Harbour, bordered north by St Pauls and Easton, east by Temple Meads and Redcliffe, and west by Clifton and Canons Marsh. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969. ... A tower block, block of flats, or apartment block, is a multi-unit high-rise apartment building. ... Brutalism is an architectural style that spawned from the modernist architectural movement and which flourished from the 1950s to the 1970s. ... The Georgian era is a period of British history, normally defined as including the reigns of the kings George I, George II, George III and George IV, i. ... Queen Square is a public open space in the centre of the historic city of Bristol, England. ... Portland Square is in the St Pauls area of Bristol. ...

The removal of the docks to Avonmouth, 7 miles (11.3 km) downstream from the city centre has also allowed redevelopment of the old central dock area (the "Floating Harbour") in recent decades, although at one time the continued existence of the docks was in jeopardy as it was viewed as a derelict industrial site rather than an asset. However the holding, in 1996, of the first International Festival of the Sea in and around the docks, affirmed the dockside area in its new leisure role as a key feature of the city.^[21] Categories: Stub | Bristol | Ports and harbours of the UK ... “Miles” redirects here. ... “km” redirects here. ... St Augustines Reach and Peros Bridge, during the 2004 Harbour Festival. ... The International Festival of the Sea, 1996 was a maritime festival, held in and around the Floating Harbour in the English port city of Bristol. ...

Economy and industry

Main article: Economy and industry of Bristol

The Nails in Corn Street, over which trading deals were made

The last ever flight of any Concorde, 26 November 2003. The aircraft is seen a few minutes before landing on the Filton runway from which it first flew in 1969

As a major seaport, Bristol has a long history of trading commodities, particularly tobacco; deals were frequently struck on a personal basis in the former trading area around Corn Street, and in particular, over metal trading tables, known as "The Nails". This is the origin of the expression "cash on the nail", meaning immediate payment.^[22] Bristol is a city in south west England. ... Image File history File links Concorde_on_Bristol. ... Image File history File links Concorde_on_Bristol. ... For other uses, see Concorde (disambiguation). ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Filton is a town in South Gloucestershire, England, on the northern outskirts of the city of Bristol, about 4. ... Shredded tobacco leaf for pipe smoking Tobacco can also be pressed into plugs and sliced into flakes Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the fresh leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. ...

As well as Bristol's nautical connections, the city's economy is reliant on the aerospace industry, the media, information technology and financial services sectors and tourism.^[23] In 2004 Bristol's GDP was £9.439 billion GBP, and the combined GDP of Gloucestershire, Wiltshire and North Somerset was £44.098 billion. The GDP per head was £23,962 (US$47,738, €35,124) making the city more affluent than the UK as a whole, at 40% above the national average. This makes it the third-highest per-capita GDP of any English city, after London and Nottingham, and the fifth highest GDP per capita of any city in the United Kingdom, behind London, Edinburgh, Belfast and Nottingham.^[24] In December 2005, Bristol's unemployment rate was 5.2%, compared with 3.6% for the south west and 4.8% for the United Kingdom.^[25] Look up aerospace in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... GDP is an acronym which can stand for more than one thing: (in economics) an abbreviation for Gross Domestic Product. ... GBP redirects here. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see Nottingham (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Edinburgh (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital city of Northern Ireland. ... CIA figures for world unemployment rates, 2006 Unemployment is the state in which a person is without work, available to work, and is currently seeking work. ...

While Bristol's economy is no longer reliant upon its port, the city is the largest importer of cars to the UK. Since the port was leased in 1991, £330 million has been invested and the annual tonnage throughput has increased from 4 million tonnes to 12 million tonnes.^[26] The financial services sector employs 40,000 in the city, and the hi-tech sector is important, with 400 micro-electronics and silicon design companies, as well as the Hewlett-Packard national research laboratories. Bristol is the UK's seventh most popular destination for foreign tourists, and the city receives nine million visitors each year.^[27] The Hewlett-Packard Company (NYSE: HPQ), commonly known as HP, is a very large, global company headquartered in Palo Alto, California, United States. ...

In the 20th century, Bristol's manufacturing activities expanded to include aircraft production at Filton, by the Bristol Aeroplane Company, and aero-engine manufacture by Bristol Aero Engines (later Rolls-Royce) at Patchway. The aeroplane company became famous for the World War I Bristol Fighter, and Second World War Blenheim and Beaufighter aircraft. In the 1950s it became one of the country's major manufacturers of civil aircraft, with the Bristol Freighter and Britannia and the huge Brabazon airliner. The Bristol Aeroplane Company diversified into car manufacturing in the 1940s, producing hand-built luxury cars at their factory in Filton, under the name Bristol Cars, which became independent from the Bristol Aeroplane Company in 1960.^[28] The city also gave its name to the Bristol make of buses, manufactured in the city from 1908 to 1983, first by the local bus operating company, Bristol Tramways, and from 1955 by Bristol Commercial Vehicles. Filton is a town in South Gloucestershire, England, on the northern outskirts of the city of Bristol, about 4. ... Bristol Aeroplane Company logo The Bristol Aeroplane Company (formerly British and Colonial Aeroplane Company) was a major British aircraft company which, in 1959, merged with several major British aircraft companies, to become the British Aircraft Corporation and later still part of British Aerospace, now BAE Systems. ... The Bristol Aeroplane Company (formerly British and Colonial Aeroplane Company) began building primitive Bristol Boxkites in a former tram shed and became famous for the production of the war-time Blenheim and Beaufighter, the Brabazon airliner prototype, the Britannia and Freighter and the Belvedere and Sycamore helicopters. ... This article is about the aircraft engine company. ... The Mall, an out-of-town shopping centre at Patchway. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... The Bristol F.2 Fighter was a British two-seat biplane fighter and reconnaissance aircraft of World War I flown by the Royal Flying Corps. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Bristol Blenheim is also the name of the main model produced by Bristol Cars since 1994. ... The Beaufighter was a long-range heavy fighter modification of the Bristol Aeroplane Companys earlier Beaufort torpedo bomber design. ... The Bristol Type 170 Freighter was a twin-engined propeller cargo aircraft designed and built by Bristol Aeroplane Company as an air ferry to carry cars and their passengers over relatively short distances. ... Bristol Britannia was also a car produced by Bristol Cars from 1982 to 1993. ... The Bristol Type 167 Brabazon was a huge airliner designed by the Bristol Aeroplane Company to fly transatlantic routes from the UK to the United States. ... Bristol Aeroplane Company logo The Bristol Aeroplane Company (formerly British and Colonial Aeroplane Company) was a major British aircraft company which, in 1959, merged with several major British aircraft companies, to become the British Aircraft Corporation and later still part of British Aerospace, now BAE Systems. ... A luxury car is a relatively expensive car. ... Filton is a town in South Gloucestershire, England, on the northern outskirts of the city of Bristol, about 4. ... Bristol Cars is a manufacturer of hand-built luxury cars, based at Filton, near Bristol, England. ... Bristol Commercial Vehicles was a manufacturer of buses and trucks based in Bristol, England. ...

In the 1960s Filton played a key role in the Anglo-French Concorde supersonic airliner project. Concorde components were manufactured in British and French factories and shipped to the two final assembly plants, in Toulouse and Filton. The French manufactured the centre fuselage and centre wing and the British the nose, rear fuselage, fin and wingtips, while the Olympus 593 engine's manufacture was split between Rolls-Royce (Filton) and SNECMA (Paris). The British Concorde prototype made its maiden flight from Filton to RAF Fairford on 9 April 1969, five weeks after the French test flight. In 2003 British Airways and Air France decided to cease flying the aircraft and to retire them to locations (mostly museums) around the world. On 26 November 2003 Concorde 216 made the final Concorde flight, returning to Filton airfield to be kept there permanently as the centrepiece of a projected air museum. This museum will include the existing Bristol Aero Collection, which includes a Bristol Britannia aircraft. For other uses, see Concorde (disambiguation). ... New city flag (Occitan cross) Traditional coat of arms Motto: (Occitan: For Toulouse, always more) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region Midi-Pyrénées Department Haute-Garonne (31) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration of Greater Toulouse Mayor Jean-Luc Moudenc  (UMP) (since 2004) City Statistics Land... Rolls-Royce Olympus 593 The Olympus is a high-powered axial-flow turbojet, originally developed at Bristol Aero Engines, later passed to Bristol Siddeley, and finally to Rolls-Royce. ... This article is about the aircraft engine company. ... Snecma was one of the worlds leading aerospace corporations which merged with SAGEM to form SAFRAN. Snecma is now a subsidiary of the SAFRAN Group and previous Snecma subsidiaries have been reorganised within the wider group. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... RAF Fairford is a Royal Air Force station in Gloucestershire, England, near to Fairford. ... is the 99th day of the year (100th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (number) 1969 (movie) 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... For the 1930s airline of similar name, see British Airways Ltd. ... Air France (formally Société Air France) is Europes largest airline company. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bristol Britannia was also a car produced by Bristol Cars from 1982 to 1993. ...

The aerospace industry remains a major segment of the local economy^[29] The major aerospace companies in Bristol now are BAE Systems, Airbus and Rolls-Royce, all based at Filton, and aerospace engineering is a prominent research area at nearby UWE. Another important aviation company in the city is Cameron Balloons, a manufacturer of hot air balloons. Each August the city is host to the Bristol International Balloon Fiesta, one of Europe's largest hot air balloon events.
, BAE Systems plc (BAE) is a British defence and aerospace company headquartered at Farnborough, England, UK, that has worldwide interests, particularly in North America through its subsidiary BAE Systems Inc. ... Airbus S.A.S. (pronounced in English, in French, and in German) is an aircraft manufacturing subsidiary of EADS, a European aerospace concern. ... UWE redirects here. ... Aviation encompasses all the activities relating to airborne devices created by human ingenuity, generally known as aircraft. ... A Cameron Z105 balloon. ... This article is about hot air balloons themselves. ... Early morning mass ascent The Bristol International Balloon Fiesta is held during August in Bristol, United Kingdom. ...

Panorama over Bristol

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Culture

Main article: Culture of Bristol

Bristol is a city in south west England. ...

Arts

The Coopers Hall, entrance to the Bristol Old Vic Theatre Royal complex

The city is famous for its music and film industries, and was a finalist for the 2008 European Capital of Culture.^[30] The Bristol Old Vic theatre complex in Bristol, England. ... The Bristol Old Vic theatre complex in Bristol, England. ... The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one year during which it is given a chance to showcase its cultural life and cultural development. ...

The city's principal theatre company, the Bristol Old Vic, was founded in 1946 as an offshoot of the Old Vic company in London. Its premises on King Street consist of the 1766 Theatre Royal (400 seats), a modern studio theatre called the New Vic (150 seats), and foyer and bar areas in the adjacent Coopers' Hall (built 1743). The Theatre Royal is a grade I listed building and was the oldest continuously operating theatre in England. The Bristol Old Vic Theatre School, which had originated in King street is now a separate company. The Bristol Hippodrome is a larger theatre (1981 seats) which hosts national touring productions, while the 2000-seat Colston Hall, named after Edward Colston, is the city's main concert venue. Other theatres include the Tobacco Factory, QEH and Redgrave Theatre (at Clifton College). Bristol's theatre scene includes a large variety of theatre companies, an organisation called Theatre Bristol runs a website which aims to develop the theatre industry in Bristol, ^[31] this website lists 82 different theatre companies operating within the city.^[32] There are also a number of organisation within the city which act to support theatre makers, for example Equity, the actors union, has a General Branch based in the city ^[33] and there is an organisation called Residence which provides office, social and rehearsal space for several Bristol based theatre and performance companies.^[34] The Bristol Old Vic (located at , ) is a theatre complex and theatrical company in the centre of Bristol, England. ... The exterior of the Old Vic from the corner of Baylis Road and Waterloo Road. ... King Street is a 17th century street in the historic city centre of Bristol, England. ... The Bristol Old Vic (grid reference ST587727) is a theatre complex and theatrical company in the centre of Bristol, England. ... The Forth Bridge, designed by Sir Benjamin Baker and Sir John Fowler, opened in 1890, and now owned by Network Rail, is designated as a Category A listed building by Historic Scotland. ... The Coopers Hall (right) became the theatre foyer in the 1970s The Bristol Old Vic is a theatre complex and theatrical company in the cen